ANTI-FROST FILM ASSEMBLIES, METHOD OF MANUFACTURE, AND ARTICLES MADE THEREOF
A repositionable and substantially transparent multi-layer anti-frost film assembly comprising a film and an anti-frost layer formed from a polyurethane-film forming composition effective to provide the layer with anti-frost properties at temperatures that alternate between −23° C. and 65° C. Optionally, an anti-frost film assembly comprises an adhesive layer. The anti-frost film assembly to be applied with any of a variety of substantially transparent substrates to provide condensation-resistant articles, including refrigerator doors and panels.
1 . An anti-frost film assembly comprising:
a substantially transparent film having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; and
a substantially transparent anti-frost layer formed from a polyurethane-film forming composition effective to provide the layer with anti-frost properties at temperatures that alternate between −23° C. and 65° C., wherein the anti-frost layer is disposed on an area of the first surface of the film.
2 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 1 , wherein the film is selected from the group consisting of a polycarbonate, a polyester, a poly(cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate)-co-poly(ethylene terephthalate), an acrylic, a polyvinylchloride, a polybisallyl carbonate, a polyethylene naphthenate, a polycarbonate/PCCD blend, and a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing polymers.
3 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane-forming film composition further comprises a surfactant having an isocyanate-reactive moiety, a hydrophobic region, and a hydrophilic region.
4 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 3 , wherein the surfactant comprises a combination of a cationic surfactant and an anionic surfactant.
5 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 3 , wherein isocyanate-reactive moiety of the surfactant is a hydroxyl group.
6 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane-forming film composition comprises a polyisocyanate prepolymer having reactive isocyanate groups, a hydrophilic polyol, and a hydroxyl-bearing surfactant having a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region.
7 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 6 , wherein the surfactant is a cationic surfactant having the hydroxyl group covalently bound to the surfactant.
8 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 6 , wherein the surfactant is an anionic surfactant associated with a countercation, and wherein the hydroxyl group is covalently bound to the countercation.
9 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a graphic component.
10 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 9 , wherein the graphic component is disposed on an area of the anti-frost layer, between the anti-frost layer and the first surface of the film, on an area of the first surface of the film, or on an area of the second surface of the film.
11 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 1 , wherein the assembly is repositionable on a substrate.
12 . The anti-frost film assembly of claim 1 , further comprising an adhesive disposed on an area of the second surface of the film, wherein the adhesive allows the assembly to be repositioned on a substrate.
13 . A condensation-resistant article comprising:
a substantially transparent substrate having a first surface; and
the anti-frost film assembly of claim 1 , wherein the second surface of the film is disposed on an area of the first surface of the substrate.
14 . The article of claim 13 , wherein the anti-frost film assembly further comprises a graphic component.
15 . The article of claim 13 , wherein the article is a refrigerator panel, a building window, a windshield, a reflective surface, an instrument surface, or a face shield.
16 . The article of claim 15 , wherein the substrate is a refrigerator door or a refrigerator window.
17 . The article of claim 15 , wherein the substrate is a mirror or a vehicle windshield.
18 . The article of claim 13 , wherein an installation solution was applied between the anti-frost film and the substrate, and wherein the installation solution comprises about 50 vol. % to about 70 vol % water, about 10 vol % to about 40 vol % alcohol, about 2 vol % to about 8 vol % wetting solution, and less than or equal to about 3 vol % salt.
19 . A method of producing an anti-frost film assembly comprising:
applying a substantially transparent anti-frost layer formed from a polyurethane-film forming composition to a first surface of a film; and
applying an adhesive to a second surface of the film;
wherein the substantially transparent anti-frost layer is effective to provide the layer with anti-frost properties at temperatures that alternate between −23° C. and 65° C.
20 . The method of claim 19 , further comprising applying a graphic component onto one side of the adhesive.
21 . The method of claim 19 , further comprising applying the anti-frost film assembly onto a substrate wherein the adhesive is in contact with the substrate.
22 . The article of claim 19 , further comprising applying an installation solution between the anti-frost film and the substrate, and wherein the installation solution comprises about 50 vol. % to about 70 vol % water, about 10 vol % to about 40 vol % alcohol, about 2 vol % to about 8 vol % wetting solution, and less than or equal to about 3 vol % salt.
23 . The method of claim 19 , further comprising forming the anti-frost layer, wherein the anti-frost layer is formed using a fan speed of less than or equal to about 1,000 rpm, and a cure time of great than or equal to about 1.5 minutes.
24 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the fan speed is less than or equal to 750 rpm and the cure time is greater than or equal to about 1.75 minutes, and wherein the anti-frost layer has a thickness of less than or equal to about 1,000 μm.