Bus bar attachments for flexible heating elements
A flexible heating subassembly, that may be incorporated in a heating blanket or any other type of flexible heater, includes a flexible sheet-like heating element, or heater, to which first and second conductive bus bars are coupled, each with a respective first and second row of conductive stitching. A first electrically insulating member is interposed between the first bus bar and the heater and is secured therebetween by the first row of stitching, and a second electrically insulating member is interposed between the second bus bar and the heater and is secured therebetween by the second row of stitching. The first and second insulating members prevent direct electrical contact between respective first and second bus bars and the heater.
1. A flexible heating subassembly, comprising:
a flexible heater including a first lateral edge, and a second lateral edge opposite the first lateral edge;
a first conductive bus bar disposed alongside the first lateral edge of the flexible heater;
a second conductive bus bar disposed alongside the second lateral edge of the flexible heater;
first and second rows of electrically conductive stitching, the first row of electrically conductive stitching electrically coupling the first conductive bus bar to the flexible heater, the second row of electrically conductive stitching electrically coupling the second conductive bus bar to the flexible heater;
the first and second conductive bus bars adapted for coupling to a power source for powering the flexible heater;
a first electrically insulating member interposed between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater and being secured therebetween by the first row of electrically conductive stitching, the first electrically insulating member preventing direct electrical contact between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater; and
a second electrically insulating member interposed between the second conductive bus bar and the flexible heater and being secured therebetween by the second row of electrically conductive stitching, the second electrically insulating member preventing direct electrical contact between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater.
2. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein the flexible heater comprises carbon.
3. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein the flexible heater comprises a nonconductive layer coated with a conductive material.
4. The subassembly of claim 3 , wherein the nonconductive layer of the flexible heater comprises a woven polymer and the conductive material comprises one of: polypyrrole, carbonized ink and metalized ink.
5. The subassembly of claim 3 , wherein the nonconductive layer of the flexible heater comprises a non-woven polymer and the conductive material comprises one of: polypyrrole, carbonized ink and metalized ink.
6. The subassembly of claim 3 , wherein the non-conductive layer of the flexible heater comprises a non-woven cellulose material and the conductive material comprises one of: polypyrrole, carbonized ink and metalized ink.
7. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein the first and second conductive bus bars comprise a metal wire.
8. The subassembly of claim 7 , wherein the metal wire is one of a plurality of braided metal wires.
9. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein the first and second conductive bus bars comprise a metal foil.
10. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein the first and second rows of electrically conductive stitching comprise a non-conductive thread coated with a conductive material.
11. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein the first and second rows of electrically conductive stitching comprise a metal thread.
12. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members comprise a polymer film.
13. The subassembly of claim 12 , wherein the polymer film includes a fibrous material reinforcement.
14. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members comprise one of: a polymeric material, a cellulose material and a glass fibrous material.
15. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members comprise a PTFE-coated fiberglass material.
16. The subassembly of claim 1 , further comprising a layer of flexible electrical insulation extending over the flexible heater and bonded thereto, the layer extending between each of the first and second electrically insulating members and the flexible heater.
17. The subassembly of claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members include folded-over portions covering respective first and second conductive bus bars.
18. The blanket of claim 1 , wherein the first and second rows of electrically conductive stitching pierce through the respective first and second electrically insulating members.
19. The blanket of claim 1 , wherein the first and second rows of electrically conductive stitching provide the only electrical coupling between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater and between the second conductive bus bar and the flexible heater.
20. The blanket of claim 1 , wherein the only electrical coupling between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater and between the second conductive bus bar and the flexible heater is provided by electrically conductive stitching.
21. The blanket of claim 1 , wherein the first electrically insulating member is interposed between all interfaces of the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater and the second electrically insulating member is interposed between all interfaces of the second conductive bus bar and the flexible heater.
22. An electric warming blanket, comprising:
a flexible heater including a first lateral edge, and a second lateral edge opposite the first lateral edge;
a first conductive bus bar disposed alongside the first lateral edge of the flexible heater;
a second conductive bus bar disposed alongside the second lateral edge of the flexible heater;
a first row of stitching connecting the first conductive bus bar to the flexible heater;
a second row of stitching connecting the second conductive bus bar to the flexible heater,
the first and second rows of stitching each comprising electrically conductive thread,
the first and second conductive bus bars adapted for coupling to a power source for powering the flexible heater;
a first electrically insulating member interposed between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater and being secured therebetween by the first row of stitching, the first electrically insulating member preventing direct electrical contact between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater;
a second electrically insulating member interposed between the second conductive bus bar and the flexible heater and being secured therebetween by the second row of stitching, the second electrically insulating member preventing direct electrical contact between the first conductive bus bar and the flexible heater;
a flexible shell enveloping the flexible heater and the first and second conductive bus bars to form a substantially hermetically sealed space for the flexible heater and the conductive bus bars.
23. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein the flexible heater comprises carbon.
24. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein the flexible heater comprises a nonconductive layer coated with a conductive material.
25. The blanket of claim 24 , wherein the nonconductive layer of the flexible heater comprises a woven polymer and the conductive material comprises one of: polypyrrole, carbonized ink and metalized ink.
26. The blanket of claim 24 , wherein the nonconductive layer of the flexible heater comprises a non-woven polymer and the conductive material comprises one of: polypyrrole, carbonized ink and metalized ink.
27. The blanket of claim 24 , wherein the non-conductive layer of the flexible heater comprises a non-woven cellulose material and the conductive material comprises one of: polypyrrole, carbonized ink and metalized ink.
28. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein the first and second conductive bus bars comprise a metal wire.
29. The blanket of claim 28 , wherein the metal wire is one of a plurality of braided metal wires.
30. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein the first and second conductive bus bars comprise a metal foil.
31. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein the conductive thread comprises a non-conductive thread coated with a conductive material.
32. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein the conductive thread comprises a metal thread.
33. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members comprise a polymer film.
34. The blanket of claim 33 , wherein the polymer film includes a fibrous material reinforcement.
35. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members comprise one of: a polymeric material, a cellulose material and a glass fibrous material.
36. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members comprise a PTFE-coated fiberglass material.
37. The blanket of claim 22 , further comprising a layer of flexible electrical insulation extending over the flexible heater and bonded thereto, the layer extending between each of the first and second electrically insulating members and the flexible heater.
38. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein each of the first and second electrically insulating members include folded-over portions covering respective first and second conductive bus bars.
39. The blanket of claim 22 , wherein the flexible shell comprises upper and lower sheets sealed only about their peripheries to form the substantially hermetically sealed space.