MUCOUS MEMBRANE ADHESION-TYPE IONTOPHORESIS DEVICE
An iontophoresis device may include: an electric power source; a first electrode assembly coupled to the electric power source; and a second electrode assembly as a counter electrode of the first electrode assembly. The first electrode assembly may include an adhesive portion that facilitates contact between a mucous membrane and the first electrode assembly. The adhesive portion may be placed on a portion of an end surface portion of an electrode assembly, and may be made from a material that exhibits adhesiveness after absorbing an aqueous medium.
1 . An iontophoresis device, comprising:
an electric power source;
a first electrode assembly coupled to the electric power source, the first electrode assembly including:
an adhesive portion having a member that exhibits adhesiveness after absorbing moisture, wherein the adhesive portion is placed on at least a portion of an end surface of the first electrode assembly and wherein the adhesive portion facilitates contact between the first electrode assembly and a mucous membrane of a subject; and
a second electrode assembly as a counter electrode of the first electrode assembly.
2 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 wherein the first electrode assembly further includes:
an electrode coupled to a side of the electric power source having the same polarity as that of an ionic active agent;
an electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte reservoir placed adjacent to the electrode;
a first ion exchange membrane that selectively passes ions having a polarity opposite that of the ionic active agent, the first ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir;
an active agent reservoir that holds the ionic active agent, the active agent reservoir placed adjacent to the ion exchange membrane; and
a second ion exchange membrane that selectively passes ions having the same polarity as that of the ionic active agent, the second ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the active agent reservoir.
3 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 2 wherein the adhesive portion is placed on an outer peripheral portion of the ion exchange membrane that selectively passes ions having the same polarity as that of the ionic active agent.
4 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 wherein the second electrode assembly includes an adhesive portion that facilitates contact between the second electrode assembly and the mucous membrane, wherein the adhesive portion is placed on at least a part of an end surface portion of the second electrode assembly, and wherein the adhesive portion includes a member that exhibits adhesiveness after absorbing an aqueous medium.
5 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 4 wherein the second electrode assembly further includes:
an electrode coupled to a side of the electric power source having a polarity opposite that of an ionic active agent;
an electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte reservoir placed adjacent to the electrode; and
an ion exchange membrane that selects ions having a polarity opposite that of the ionic active agent, the ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir.
6 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 4 wherein the second electrode assembly further includes:
an electrode coupled to a side of the electric power source having a polarity opposite that of an ionic active agent;
a first electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the first electrolyte reservoir placed adjacent to the electrode;
a first ion exchange membrane that selects ions having the same polarity as that of the ionic active agent, the first ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir;
a second electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the second electrolyte reservoir being placed adjacent to the ion exchange membrane; and
a second ion exchange membrane that selects ions having a polarity opposite that of the charged ion of the ionic active agent, the second ion exchange membrane being placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir.
7 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 5 wherein the adhesive portion is placed on an outer peripheral portion of the ion exchange membrane.
8 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 6 wherein the adhesive portion is placed on an outer peripheral portion of the second ion exchange membrane.
9 . An iontophoresis device, comprising:
an electric power source;
a first electrode assembly coupled to the electric power source; and
a second electrode assembly as a counter electrode of the first electrode assembly, the second electrode assembly surrounding an outer peripheral portion of the first electrode assembly and including:
an adhesive portion having a member that exhibits adhesiveness after absorbing moisture, wherein the adhesive portion surrounds an outer peripheral portion of the second electrode assembly.
10 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 9 wherein the first electrode assembly further includes:
an electrode coupled to a side of the electric power source having the same polarity as that of an ionic active agent;
an electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte reservoir placed adjacent to the electrode;
a first ion exchange membrane that selectively passes ions having a polarity opposite that of the ionic active agent, the first ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir;
an active agent reservoir that holds the ionic active agent, the active agent reservoir placed adjacent to the ion exchange membrane; and
a second ion exchange membrane that selectively passes ions having the same polarity as that of the ionic active agent, the second ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the active agent reservoir.
11 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 9 wherein the second electrode assembly further includes:
an electrode coupled to a side of the electric power source having a polarity opposite that of an ionic active agent;
an electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte reservoir placed adjacent to the electrode; and
an ion exchange membrane that selects ions having a polarity opposite that of the ionic active agent, the ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir.
12 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 9 wherein the second electrode assembly further includes:
an electrode coupled to a side of the electric power source having a polarity opposite that of an ionic active agent;
a first electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the first electrolyte reservoir placed adjacent to the electrode;
a first ion exchange membrane that selects ions having the same polarity as that of the ionic active agent, the first ion exchange membrane placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir;
a second electrolyte reservoir that holds an electrolyte solution, the second electrolyte reservoir being placed adjacent to the ion exchange membrane; and
a second ion exchange membrane that selects ions having a polarity opposite that of the charged ion of the ionic active agent, the second ion exchange membrane being placed adjacent to the electrolyte reservoir.
13 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 9 , further comprising a first insulating portion placed between the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly.
14 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 9 , further comprising a second insulating portion placed between the second electrode assembly and the adhesive portion.
15 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 4 wherein the member exhibiting adhesiveness owing to absorption of the aqueous medium comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of alginic acid, pectin, low-methoxyl pectin, guar gum, gum arabic, carageenan, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and crystalline cellulose carmellose sodium.
16 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 9 wherein the member exhibiting adhesiveness comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and crystalline cellulose carmellose sodium.
17 . The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 wherein the mucous membrane comprises an oral mucous membrane.
18 . A method of operating an iontophoresis device that includes (a) an electric power source, (b) a first electrode assembly coupled to the electric power source and including an adhesive portion having a member that exhibits adhesiveness after absorbing moisture, wherein the adhesive portion is placed on at least a portion of an end surface of the first electrode assembly and wherein the adhesive portion facilitates contact between the first electrode assembly and a mucous membrane of a subject, and (c) a second electrode assembly as a counter electrode of the first electrode assembly, the method comprising:
placing the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly on the mucous membrane;
energizing the iontophoresis device using the electric power source; and
allowing the first electrode assembly to release an ionic active agent.