VARNISH COMPOSITION FOR INSULATING ELECTRICAL MACHINERY
A varnish composition for producing an electrically insulative thermoset coating is provided. The varnish composition includes poly(phenylene ether) having at least one end group having aliphatic unsaturation and a reactive solvent. When cured, the poly(phenylene ether) and reactive solvent form an electrically insulative thermoset.
1 . A composition comprising:
a functional poly(phenylene ether) having an intrinsic viscosity in the range of about 0.06 deciliters per gram to about 0.2 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C.; and
a reactive solvent,
wherein the composition, when cured, has a resistance to thermal cycling sufficient to pass a nut cracking test and has a thermal stability sufficient to exhibit weight loss of less than about 2% after aging for 100 hours at 215° C.
2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) is bifunctional.
3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has at least one aliphatic unsaturated end group.
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has two methacrylate end groups.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the reactive solvent is selected from the group consisting of vinyl toluene, styrene, t-butyl styrene, dibromostyrene and combinations thereof.
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.09 dl/g to about 0.12 dl/g.
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has a plurality of structural units of the formula:
wherein each structural unit may be the same or different, and in each structural unit, each Q 1 is independently halogen, primary or secondary lower alkyl (i.e., alkyl containing up to 7 carbon atoms), phenyl, haloalkyl, aminoalkyl, hydrocarbonoxy, or halohydrocarbonoxy wherein at least two carbon atoms separate the halogen and oxygen atoms, and each Q 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, primary or secondary lower alkyl, phenyl, haloalkyl, hydrocarbonoxy or halohydrocarbonoxy wherein at least two carbon atoms separate the halogen and oxygen atoms.
8 . The composition of claim 7 , wherein Q 1 is methyl and Q 2 is hydrogen.
9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has formula:
wherein n is any number sufficient to result in an intrinsic viscosity in the range of about 0.06 deciliters per gram to about 0.2 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C.
10 . The composition of claim 1 further comprising a curing initiator, a curing inhibitor or a combination thereof.
11 . The composition of claim 1 further comprising a cross-linking agent selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene-methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A, and combinations thereof.
12 . The varnish composition of claim 1 further comprising a cross-linking agent selected from the group consisting of divinylbenzenes, diallylbenzenes, trivinylbenzenes, triallylbenzenes, divinyl phthalates, diallyl phthalates, triallyl mesate, triallyl mesitate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, cyclohexanedimethanol di(meth)acrylate, butanediol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, isobornyl(meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, bisphenol A dimethacrylate, (ethoxylated) 1-20 nonylphenol (meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 1-20 nonylphenol (meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 1-20 tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 1-20 tetrahydrofurfuryl(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 1-20 hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 1-20 hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 2-40 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 2-40 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 2-40 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 2-40 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 2-40 1,3-butanediol di(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 2-40 1,3-butanediol di(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 2-40 ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 2-40 ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 2-40 propylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 2-40 propylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 2-40 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol di(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 2-40 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol di(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 2-40 bisphenol-A di(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 2-40 bisphenol-A di(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 3-60 glycerol tri(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 3-60 glycerol tri(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 3-60 trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 3-60 trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 3-60 isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 3-60 isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 4-80 pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 4-80 pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylates, (ethoxylated) 6-120 dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylates, (propoxylated) 6-120 dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylates, and mixtures thereof.
13 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the poly(phenylene ether) to the reactive solvent is in the range of about 2:1 to about 1:5 by weight.
14 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) is at least about 20% soluble in the reactive solvent at room temperature.
15 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly(phenylene ether) is at least about 40% soluble in the reactive solvent at room temperature.
16 . A composition comprising:
a functional poly(phenylene ether) having an intrinsic viscosity in the range of about 0.06 deciliters per gram to about 0.2 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C.; and
a reactive solvent,
wherein the composition, when cured, has a glass transition temperature higher than about 75° C. and an elongation to break greater than about 2%.
17 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the thermoset has a glass transition temperature of about 120° C. to about 165° C.
18 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.09 dl/g to about 0.12 dl/g.
19 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the poly(phenylene ether) is bifunctional.
20 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has at least one aliphatic unsaturated end group.
21 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the poly(phenylene ether) has two methacrylate end groups.
22 . A composition for electrically insulating a motor comprising:
a bifunctional poly(phenylene ether) having an intrinsic viscosity in the range of about 0.06 deciliters per gram to about 0.2 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C.; and
a reactive solvent,
wherein the composition, when cured, has a resistance to thermal cycling sufficient to pass a nut cracking test and has a thermal stability sufficient to exhibit weight loss of less than about 2% after aging for 100 hours at 215° C.
23 . A composition for electrically insulating a motor comprising:
a poly(phenylene ether) having the structural formula
wherein n is any number sufficient to result in an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.09 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C.; and
a reactive solvent selected from the group consisting of vinyl toluene, styrene, t-butyl styrene, dibromostyrene and combinations thereof,
wherein the weight ratio of poly(phenylene ether) to reactive solvent is in the range of about 2:1 to about 1:5 and wherein the composition, when cured, has a resistance to thermal cycling sufficient to pass a nut cracking test and has a thermal stability sufficient to exhibit weight loss of less than about 2% after aging for 1200 hours at 225° C.
24 . A composition for electrically insulating a motor comprising:
a poly(phenylene ether) having the structural formula
wherein n is any number sufficient to result in an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.06 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C.; and
a cross-linking agent selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene-methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A, and combinations thereof, and
a reactive solvent selected from the group consisting of vinyl toluene, styrene, t-butyl styrene, dibromostyrene and combinations thereof
wherein the weight ratio of poly(phenylene ether) to cross-linking agent to reactive solvent is about 3:4:3 and wherein the composition, when cured, has a resistance to thermal cycling sufficient to pass a nut cracking test and has a thermal stability sufficient to exhibit weight loss of less than about 2% after aging for 100 hours at 215° C.
25 . A composition for electrically insulating a motor comprising:
a mono functional poly(phenylene ether) having a methacrlylate end group and an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.12 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C.;
a reactive solvent selected from the group consisting of vinyl toluene, styrene, t-butyl styrene, dibromostyrene and combinations thereof, and
a cross-linking agent selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene-methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A, and combinations thereof,
wherein the composition, when cured, has a resistance to thermal cycling sufficient to pass a nut cracking test and has a thermal stability sufficient to exhibit weight loss of less than about 2% after aging for 100 hours at 215° C.
26 . A method for electrically insulating a motor using a varnish composition comprising
providing a component of a motor;
applying a varnish composition to the motor component, the varnish composition comprising
a functional poly(phenylene ether) having an intrinsic viscosity in the range of about 0.06 deciliters per gram to about 0.2 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C. and
a reactive solvent; and
curing the varnish composition to form an electrically insulative thermoset coating over the motor component, wherein the cured thermoset coating has a resistance to thermal cycling sufficient to pass a nut cracking test and has a thermal stability sufficient to exhibit weight loss of less than about 2% after aging for 100 hours at 215° C.
27 . A motor comprising:
a traction motor winding coated with a thermoset resin, wherein the thermoset resin comprises poly(phenylene ether) with at least one aliphatic unsaturated end group having an intrinsic viscosity in the range of about 0.06 deciliters per gram and about 0.2 deciliters per gram, measured in chloroform at 25° C., crosslinked with a reactive solvent, wherein the thermoset resin has a resistance to thermal cycling sufficient to pass a nut cracking test and has a thermal stability sufficient to exhibit weight loss of less than about 2% after aging for 100 hours at 215° C.
28 . The motor of claim 27 wherein the traction motor is a locomotive traction motor.
29 . The motor of claim 27 wherein the traction motor is an off highway vehicle traction motor.