Scintillator material based on rare earth with a reduced nuclear background
Inorganic scintillator material of formula A n Ln p X (3p+n) in which has a very low nuclear background noise and is particularly suitable as a detector scintillator for coating weight or thickness measurements, in the fields of nuclear medicine, physics, chemistry and oil exploration, and for the detection of dangerous or illicit materials.
1. An inorganic scintillator material of formula A n Ln p X (3p+n) wherein Ln represents one or more rare earths, X represents one or more halogen atoms selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, and A represents one or more alkali metals selected from the group consisting of K, Li, Na, Rb-and Cs, 0≦n ≦2p, and p is greater than or equal to 1, wherein the content of daughter elements of uranium and thorium in the material is in an amount which results in activity resulting from alpha radiation from these elements to be less than 0.7 Bq/cc.
2. The material of claim 1 having the formula A n Ln p−x Ln′ x X (3p+n) wherein Ln is one or a mixture of rare earths chosen from the group consisting of Y, La, Gd, and Lu, Ln′ is Ce or Pr, and 0.01 ≦x <1.
3. The material of claim 2 , wherein x ranges from 0.01 to 0.9.
4. The material of claim 2 wherein Ln is La and Ln′ is Ce.
5. The material of claim 1 wherein n is zero.
6. The material of claim 1 wherein X is a mixture of Cl and Br.
7. The material of claim 1 wherein X is a mixture of Br and I.
8. The material of claim 1 wherein said material is a single crystal.
9. The material of claim 8 wherein said material has a volume of at least 10 cm 3 .
10. The material of claim 8 wherein said material has a volume of at least 200 cm 3 .
11. The material claim 1 wherein said material is synthesized from rare-earth salts from ionic South China ores.
12. The material of claim 1 wherein the rare-earth salts used to synthesize said material have undergone a purification process intended to extract the daughter elements of uranium and thorium therefrom.
13. The material of claim 1 wherein said material includes daughter elements of uranium and thorium.
14. A process for preparing the material claim 1 , comprising
1) melting a Ln salt and
2) growing at least one crystal from the melted Ln salt,
wherein the Ln salt is obtained from a Ln source raw material is an Ln oxide, wherein the daughter elements of uranium and thorium in the material are in an amount which results in activity resulting from the alpha radiation from these elements of less than 0.7 Bq/cc.
15. A detector comprising a the scintillator material of claim 1 .
16. The material of claim 2 wherein n is 0.
17. The material of claim 2 wherein X is a mixture of Cl and Br.
18. The material of claim 2 wherein X is a mixture of Br and I.
19. The material of claim 2 wherein said material is a single crystal.
20. The material of claim 19 wherein said material has a volume of at least 10 cm 3 .
21. The material of claim 19 wherein said material has a volume of at least 200 cm 3 .
22. The material of claim 2 wherein said material is synthesized from rare-earth salts from ionic South China ores.
23. The material of claim 2 wherein the rare-earth salts used to synthesize-said material have undergone a purification process intended to extract the daughter elements of uranium and thorium there from.
24. The material of claim 2 wherein said material includes daughter elements of uranium and thorium.
25. A process for preparing the material of claim 2 , comprising
1) melting Ln and Ln′ salts and
2) growing at least one crystal from the melted Ln and Ln′ salts,
wherein the Ln and Ln′ salts are obtained from Ln and Ln′ source raw materials that are Ln and Ln′ oxides, wherein the daughter elements of uranium and thorium in the materials are in an amount which results in activity resulting from alpha radiation from these elements of less than 0.7 Bq/cc.
26. A detector comprising the scintilator material of claim 2 .
27. The material of claim 4 wherein n is 0.
28. The material of claim 4 wherein X is a mixture of Cl and Br.
29. The material of claim 4 wherein X is a mixture of Br and I.
30. The material of claim 4 wherein said material is a single crystal.
31. The material of claim 30 wherein said material has a volume of at least 10 cm 3 .
32. The material of claim 30 wherein said material has a volume of at least 200 cm 3 .
33. The material of claim 4 wherein said material is synthesized from rare-earth salts from ionic South China ores.
34. The material of claim 4 wherein the rare-earth salts used to synthesize said material have undergone a purification process intended to extract the daughter elements of uranium and thorium there from.
35. The material of claim 4 wherein said material includes daughter elements of uranium and thorium.
36. A process for preparing the material of claim 4 , comprising
1) melting La and Ce salts and
2) growing at least one crystal from the melted La and Ce salts,
wherein the La and Ce salts are obtained from La and Ce source raw materials that are La and Ce oxides, wherein the daughter elements of uranium and thorium in the materials are in an amount which results in activity resulting from alpha radiation from these elements of less than 0.7 Bq/cc.
37. A detector comprising the scintillator material of claim 4 .
38. A process for preparing the material of claim 1 , comprising synthesizing the material from raw materials comprising an Ln oxide which includes daughter elements of uranium of thorium in a sufficiently low quantity for the material to have an activity resulting from the alpha radiation from these elements of less than 0.7 Bq/cc.