Novel compounds, their preparation and use
Novel compounds of the general formula (I), the use of these compounds as pharmaceutical compositions, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods of treatment employing these compounds and compositions. The present compounds may be useful in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions mediated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR), in particular the PPARδ subtype.
1 - 65 . (canceled)
66 . A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
wherein X 1 is aryl or heteroaryl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, arylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 1-6 -dialkylamino or C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens; or
X 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, carbamoyl or C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylthio,arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl-carbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfamoyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)sulfamoyl, C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino-C 1-6 -alkyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamino, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl)amino or di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected independently from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, hydroxy, acetyl and oxo;
X 2 is arylene or heteroarylene each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 1-6 -dialkylamino or C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens;
X 3 is aryl or heteroaryl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, arylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 1-6 -dialkylamino or C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens; or
X 3 is C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, carbamoyl or C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylthio,arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl-carbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfamoyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)sulfamoyl, C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino-C 1-6 -alkyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamino, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl)amino or di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)amino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected independently from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, hydroxyo, acetyl, and oxo;
X 4 is arylene or heteroarylene each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 1-6 -dialkylamino or C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens;
Ar is arylene which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy or cyano; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, arylthio or C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens; or two of the substituents when placed in adjacent positions together with the atoms to which they are attached may form a five to eight member ring;
Y 1 is O or S;
Y 2 is O or S;
Z is —(CH 2 ) n — wherein n is 1, 2 or 3;
R 1 is hydrogen, halogen or R 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, arylthio or C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens; and
R 2 is hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 4-6 -alkenynyl or aryl.
67 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 1 is aryl or heteroaryl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, arylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 1-6 -dialkylamino or C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens; and
X 3 is aryl or heteroaryl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, arylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 1-6 -dialkylamino or C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
68 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 1 is aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
69 . The compound according to claim 68 , wherein X 1 is aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
70 . The compound according to claim 68 , wherein X 1 is phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
71 . The compound according to claim 69 , wherein X 1 is phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
72 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 1 is phenyl.
73 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 1 is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
74 . The compound according to claim 73 , wherein X 1 is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
75 . The compound according to claim 74 , wherein X 1 is pyrrolyl, pyridyl, furyl or thienyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more of halogens or C 1-6 -alkyl, which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
76 . The compound according to claim 75 , wherein X 1 is furyl or thienyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
77 . The compound according to claim 75 , wherein X 1 is pyrrolyl or pyridyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more of C 1-6 -alkyl.
78 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl or carbamoyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylthio,arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl-carbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfamoyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)sulfamoyl, C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino-C 1-6 -alkyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamino, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl)amino or di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)amino each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected independently from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, hydroxy, acetyl and oxo.
79 . The compound according to claim 78 wherein X 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl or carbamoyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen or hydroxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylthio,arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino-C 1-6 -alkyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, or di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected independently from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, hydroxy, acetyl and oxo.
80 . The compound according to claim 79 wherein X 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are C 1-6 -alkyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, or di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, each of which is optionally substituted independently with one or more of acetyl or oxo.
81 . The compound according to claim 79 wherein X 3 is carbamoyl optionally substituted with acetyl.
82 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 2 is arylene optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
83 . The compound according to claim 82 , wherein X 2 is phenylene optionally substituted with one or more substituents where said substituents independently are:
halogen or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
84 . The compound according to claim 83 , wherein X 2 is phenylene.
85 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 2 is heteroarylene optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
86 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 3 is aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
87 . The compound according to claim 86 , wherein X 3 is aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
88 . The compound according to claim 86 , wherein X 3 is phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
89 . The compound according to claim 88 , wherein X 3 is phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
90 . The compound according to claim 89 , wherein X 3 is phenyl.
91 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 3 is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
92 . The compound according to claim 91 , wherein X 3 is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
93 . The compound according to claim 92 wherein X 3 is pyrrolyl, pyridyl, furyl or thienyl, each of which is optionally substituted independently with one or more halogens or C 1-6 -alkyl groups, which are optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
94 . The compound according to claim 93 , wherein X 3 is furyl or thienyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
95 . The compound according to claim 93 , wherein X 1 is pyrrolyl or pyridyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more of C 1-6 -alkyl.
96 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 3 is C 1-6 -alkyl or carbamoyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy, cyano, amino or carboxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylthio,arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, heteroaryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl-carbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylsulfonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfamoyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)sulfamoyl, C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxycarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino-C 1-6 -alkyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamido, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkylamino, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylamino, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl)amino or di-(C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, hydroxy, acetyl and oxo.
97 . The compound according to claim 96 , wherein X 3 is C 1-6 -alkyl or carbamoyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents where said substituents independently are:
halogen or hydroxy; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl-C 1-6 -alkylthio,arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-C 1-6 -alkylthio, C 1-6 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino-C 1-6 -alkyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamido, arylamido, C 1-6 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, or di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, hydroxy, acetyl and oxo.
98 . The compound according to claim 97 , wherein X 3 is C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents where said substituents independently are C 1-6 -alkyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, or di-(C 1-6 -alkyl)amino, each of which is optionally substituted independently with one or more acetyl or oxo groups.
99 . The compound according to claim 97 wherein X 3 is carbamoyl optionally substituted with acetyl.
100 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 4 is arylene optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
101 . The compound according to claim 100 , wherein X 4 is phenylene optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
102 . The compound according to claim 101 , wherein X 4 is phenylene.
103 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein X 4 is heteroarylene optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen or
C 1-6 -alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
104 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein Ar is phenylene which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen, hydroxy or cyano; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-6 -cycloalkyl, C 2-6 -alkenyl, C 2-6 -alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 3-6 -cycloalkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, heteroaralkoxy, C 1-6 -alkylthio, arylthio or C 3-6 -cycloalkylthio each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens; or
two of the substituents when placed in adjacent positions together with the atoms to which they are attached may form a five to eight member ring.
105 . A compound according to claim 104 , wherein Ar is phenylene which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, where said substituents independently are:
halogen; or
C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, aryloxy or aralkoxy each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens; or
two of the substituents when placed in adjacent positions together with the atoms to which they are attached form a five membered carbon cycle.
106 . The compound according to claim 105 , wherein Ar is phenylene which is optionally substituted with halogen.
107 . The compound according to claim 105 , wherein Ar is phenylene which is optionally substituted with methyl.
108 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein Y 1 is S.
109 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein Y 2 is O.
110 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein n is 1.
111 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein R 1 is hydrogen or a substituent, where said substituents independently are:
C 1-6 -alkyl, aralkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, aryloxy, or aralkoxy each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
112 . The compound according to claim 111 , wherein R 1 is hydrogen or R 1 is C 1-6 -alkyl or C 1-6 -alkoxy, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
113 . The compound according to claim 112 , wherein R 1 is hydrogen.
114 . The compound according to claim 66 , wherein R 2 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl.
115 . The compound according to claim 114 wherein R 2 is hydrogen.
116 . A compound, which is a compound selected from the group consisting of:
{4-[3,3-Bis-(4-phenylethynyl-phenyl)-allylsulfanyl]-2-methyl-phenoxy}-acetic acid;
{4-[3,3-Bis-(4-phenylethynyl-phenyl)-allylsulfanyl]-2-bromo-phenoxy}-acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[(thiofen-2-yl)ethylnyl]phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
{4-[3,3-Bis-(4-thiophen-3-ylethynylphenyl)allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy}acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[(pyridine-2-yl)ethylnyl]phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
{4-[3,3-Bis-(4-pyridin-2-ylethynylphenyl)allyloxy]-2-methylphenoxy}acetic acid;
{4-[3,3-Bis-(4-furan-2-ylethynylphenyl)allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy}acetic acid;
(4-{3,3-Bis-[4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-ylethynyl)phenyl]allylsulfanyl}-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[3-(morpholine-4-yl)propyn-1-yl]phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyn-1-yl]phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[3-(morpholine-4-yl)propynyl]phenyl]allyloxy]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-(3,3-Bis-{4-[3-(4-acetyl-piperazin-1-yl)-prop-1-ynyl]-phenyl}allylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-phenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-(3-pyrrolidin-1-yl-prop-1-ynyl)phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
(4-{3,3-Bis-[4-(3-pyrrolidin-1-yl-prop-1-ynyl)phenyl]allyloxy}-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[5-[3-(morpholine-4-yl)propynyl]thiophene-2-yl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[5-[3-(N-acetyl-N-methylamino)propynyl]thiophene-2-yl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[3,3,3-trimethylpropynyl]phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[3-(imidazol-1-yl)propynyl]phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
[4-[3,3-Bis[4-[3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propynyl]phenyl]allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid; and
[4-[3,3-Bis(4-methylcarbamoylethynylphenyl)allylsulfanyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetic acid;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
117 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 66 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
118 . A method of treating a disease, disorder, or condition that is mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors comprising administering to a human subject a compound according to claim 66 .
119 . The method of claim 118 , where the disease, disorder, or condition is type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, syndrome X, metabolic syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, hypertrigyceridaemia, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, or hypercholesteremia.