Composition for pretreating fiber materials
Compositions which, as well as water, contain certain sulfonate salts or polyhydric alcohols together with ethoxylated/propoxylated alcohols and ethoxylated alcohols and also poly(meth)acrylic acid, polymaleic acid or partially hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride are useful for pretreating textile sheet materials. Further ingredients also render them useful for hydrogen peroxide bleaching. The compositions, which provide the textiles with good primary wettability and good rewettability, are low-foaming. Batchwise pretreatment processes, for example in jet machines, therefore represent no problem.
1 . A composition for the pretreatment of textile fiber materials, the pretreatment being performed prior to the manufacture of enduse articles from the materials, which composition includes at least the components A, B, C, D and E,
where component A is either a sulfonate of the formula (I)
R 1 R 1 R 2 C—CR 1 R 2 —(—CR 1 R 2 —) n —R (I)
where n is from 0 to 8, any R 1 is independently of the others hydrogen, an alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by a radical of the formula —SO 3 ⊖ M ⊕ , and any R 2 is independently of the others R 1 or a radical of the formula —SO 3 ⊖ M ⊕ , subject to the proviso that component A contains at least one radical of the formula —SO 3 ⊖ M ⊕ and M is Na, K or NH 4 ,
or where component A is a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol of 2 to 12 carbon atoms,
component B is an ethoxylated alcohol of the formula (II) or a mixture of such alcohols
R 3 —O—(—CH 2 CH 2 —O—) r —X (II)
where r is from 1 to 8,
component C is an alkoxylate of the formula (III) or a mixture of such alkoxylates
R 3 —O—(—Z—) t —X (III)
where t is from 4 to 30, 20 to 80% of all the Z groups present are —CH 2 CH 2 —O— and 80 to 20% of all the Z groups present are —CHR 4 —CHR 5 —O—, where in each case one of R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen and the other is CH 3 , R 3 in both component B and component C is a linear or branched alkyl radical of 4 to 20, and 50 to 100% of all the X's present are hydrogen and 0 to 50% of all the X's present are a methyl, ethyl or phenyl radical,
component D is polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polymaleic acid or a product obtainable by partial hydrolysis of polymaleic anhydride,
and component E is water.
2 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein component A is a sulfonate of the formula (I) where at least one of all the R 2 radicals present is —SO 3 ⊖ M ⊕ .
3 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein component A is a sulfonate of the formula (IV)
R 6 R 7 CH—CR 6 R 7 —(—CR 6 R 7 —) w —H (IV)
where w is from 1 to 3, one of the R 6 radicals is an unsubstituted phenyl radical and all the other R 6 radicals are hydrogen, and one of the R 7 radicals is —SO 3 ⊖ M ⊕ and all the other R 7 radicals are hydrogen.
4 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein component A is sodium cumenesulfonate or potassium cumenesulfonate.
5 . A composition according to claim 1 , wherein component A is a dihydric or trihydric alcohol of 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
6 . A composition according to claim 1 , additionally comprising a component F and/or a component G, component F being a magnesium salt or a calcium salt and component G being an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of a sulfuric monoester of the formula (V)
R 8 —O—SO 3 H (V)
where R 8 is a linear or branched alkyl radical of 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
7 . A composition according to claim 1 , including per 100 parts by weight of water (component E) the following amounts of components A, B, C, D, F and G:
5 to 35 parts by weight of component A,
10 to 40 parts by weight of component B,
3 to 30 parts by weight of component C,
0.5 to 10 parts by weight of component D,
0 to 30 parts by weight of component F,
0 to 20 parts by weight of component G.
8 . A composition according to claim 7 , including per 100 parts by weight of water (component E) the following amounts of components A, B, C, D, F, and G:
10 to 25 parts by weight of component A,
15 to 35 parts by weight of component B,
5 to 25 parts by weight of component C,
1 to 5 parts by weight of component D,
2 to 20 parts by weight of component F,
2 to 10 parts by weight of component G.
9 . A method of pretreating fiber materials which comprises applying a composition according to claim 1 thereto.
10 . The method according to claim 9 where the fiber materials are 70 to 100% by weight cotton.
11 . The method according to claim 8 , which comprises pretreating textile fiber materials in the form of wovens or knits.