Batteries containing bismuth glass compositions
Disclosed are glass compositions, glass fiber compositions, glass fiber battery separators, glass fiber filter media, battery additives and active materials formed with glass compositions disclosed, glass fiber radiation shields, and glass fiber paper compositions. Certain embodiments include, among other components, bismuth oxide. Certain embodiments include about 0.5-30% bismuth oxide of the composition by weight and silica oxide at about 54-70% of the composition by weight. Embodiments may also include other components. For example, zinc oxide can make up about 0.01-3% of the composition by weight.
1. A lead-acid battery comprising:
electrode plates positioned in a housing;
a lead-acid battery separator comprising glass fibers comprising bismuth oxide, wherein the battery separator is positioned between the electrode plates; and
an electrolyte.
2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery is a valve regulated recombinant battery.
3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the glass fibers comprise from about 0.5 weight percent bismuth oxide or greater.
4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the glass fibers comprise from about 0.5 to about 30 weight percent bismuth oxide.
5. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the glass fibers comprise from about 0.5 to about 15 weight percent bismuth oxide.
6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the glass fibers further comprise silica.
7. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the glass fibers comprise from about 50 weight percent silica or greater.
8. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the glass fibers comprise from about 50 to about 75 weight percent silica.
9. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the glass fibers comprise from about 54 to about 70 weight percent silica.
10. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery separator is capable of achieving a bismuth ion leaching constant of from about 0.05 ng/cm 2 h or greater at 21° C. in sulfuric acid having a specific gravity of 1.1 g/cm 3 .
11. A method of decreasing hydrogen off-gassing in a lead-acid battery comprising:
inserting a battery separator formed of glass fibers comprising bismuth oxide, between the electrode plates of the lead-acid battery.