Cooling device for use with heat-exchange catheter and method of use
Devices, methods and systems for endovascular cooling of human or animal subjects are disclosed. A heat exchange catheter ( 12 ) having a heat exchanger ( 22 ) is attached to a source of a thermal exchange fluid ( 32 ) that circulates through the heat exchanger, thereby cooling the subject's flowing blood. This invention provides cooling devices, systems and methods for cooling the thermal exchange fluid more rapidly and/or to a lower temperature than was achieved by the prior art.
1 - 62 . (canceled)
63 . A method of cooling a heat transfer fluid for use in a heat exchange catheter having at least one heat transfer surface and at least one flow lumen which permits flow of the heat transfer fluid past the heat transfer surface, the method comprising:
providing a cooling medium in a vessel having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior chamber;
detachably coupling the inlet of the vessel in fluid communication with a fluid source containing the heat transfer fluid and the outlet of the vessel to the flow lumen of the heat exchange catheter;
passing the heat transfer fluid through the interior chamber to allow heat exchange between the cooling medium and the heat transfer fluid; and
passing the heat transfer fluid from the interior chamber to the flow lumen of the heat exchange catheter.
64 . A method according to claim 63 , further comprising a step of storing the vessel in a freezer when not in use.
65 . A method according to claim 64 , wherein the cooling medium has an initial temperature cooler than the heat transfer fluid, and further comprising a step of replacing the vessel with a similar vessel when the temperature of the cooling medium exceeds a predetermined level.
66 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the steps of passing the heat transfer fluid through the chamber and passing the heat transfer fluid to the flow lumen of the catheter comprises pumping the heat transfer fluid.
67 . A method according to claim 63 , further comprising a step of passing the heat transfer fluid through a primary heat exchanger before or after passing the heat transfer fluid through the vessel.
68 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the vessel is configured to maintain the heat transfer fluid in a substantially still condition.
69 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the fluid comprises saline solution.
70 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the method medium comprises saline solution and ice.
71 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the method medium comprises a frozen liquid.
72 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the method medium comprises a frozen gel.
73 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the method device is a direct contact heat exchanger.
74 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the vessel is a pressure vessel.
75 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the vessel is insulated.
76 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the method device includes a removable closure allowing the chamber to be conveniently refilled.
77 . A method according to claim 76 , further comprising a sealing element between the closure and a wall of the vessel.
78 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the outlet is positioned relative the inlet so that flow from the inlet to the outlet is assisted by gravity.
79 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the vessel is configured to be positioned vertically, with the inlet opening into an upper portion of the chamber, and wherein the outlet comprises an outlet tube having an entrance end opening into a lower portion of the chamber and an exit end proximate the upper end of the chamber.
80 . A method according to claim 79 , wherein the outlet tube is sufficiently narrow to allow the fluid to rise in the tube by capillary action.
81 . A method according to claim 63 , wherein the method device includes a duct communicating with the inlet and outlet to allow the fluid to pass through the chamber, the duct having a side wall separating the fluid from the method medium.
82 . A method according to claim 81 , wherein the duct comprises a helical coil.
83 . A method according to claim 63 , further comprising a first quick-disconnect fastener provided at the inlet of the method device and a second quick-disconnect fastener provided at the outlet of the method device for allowing the method device to be quickly connected to and disconnected from the fluid source and the heat exchange catheter.
84 . A method according to claim 63 , further comprising a step of adding ice to the vessel when the temperature of the cooling method medium exceeds a predetermined level.