Certify and split system and method for replacing cryptographic keys

1. A method operational on a token device for replacing asymmetric cryptographic keys, comprising:

generating at the token device a pseudorandom first key pair that comprises a first private key and a corresponding first public key;

storing the first private key in a storage device of the token device;

generating at the token device a pseudorandom spare second key pair that comprises a second private key and a second public key,

signing the second public key with the first private key stored in the storage device to obtain a signed certificate adapted to authenticate the second public key when the first public key is replaced with the second public key;

dividing the second key pair and signed certificate into n shares, where n is an integer; and

distributing the n shares to at least two shareholders for safekeeping.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

retrieving at least a portion of the n shares from the at least two shareholders;

reconstructing the second key pair and signed certificate from at least a portion of the n shares retrieved; and

presenting the signed certificate to a verification device to replace the first public key with the second public key.

3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:

distributing the signed certificate to an authentication device to replace the first public key with the second public key and invalidate the first key pair upon authentication of the second key pair.

4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:

generating a third key pair when replacing the first key with the second key, the third key pair comprising a third public key and a third private key.

5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:

signing the third public key with the second private key to obtain a second signed certificate;

dividing the third key pair and second signed certificate into n shares, where n is an integer; and

distributing the n shares of the third key pair to at least two shareholders for safekeeping.

6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:

retrieving at least a portion of the n shares of the third key pair;

recreating the third key pair from the at least a portion of n shares retrieved; and

presenting the second signed certificate to a verification device to replace the second public key with the third public key.

7. The method of claim 2 , wherein fewer than n shares are retrieved from the at least two shareholders and wherein the second key pair and signed certificate are reconstructed from the fewer than n shares retrieved.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

associating a trust level of the first key pair with a trust level for the second key pair.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein dividing the second key pair and signed certificate into shares is determined by a secret sharing scheme.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

creating a duplicate key pair of the first key pair;

associating a set of use rules with the duplicate key pair; and

distributing the duplicate key pair and use rules to a second token device.

11. The method of claim 10 further comprising:

invalidating the duplicate key pair according to use rules.

12. A token device that facilitates replacing cryptographic keys, comprising:

a processor; and

a memory; wherein the memory stores computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

generate a pseudorandom first key pair that comprises a first private key and a corresponding first public key, and

generate a pseudorandom spare second key pair that comprises a second private key and a second public key;

sign the second public key with the first private key to obtain a signed certificate adapted to authenticate the second public key when replacing the first public key with the second public key;

divide the second key pair and signed certificate into n shares, where n is an integer; and

distribute the n shares to at least two shareholders for safekeeping.

13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

retrieve at least a portion of the n shares from the at least two shareholders;

reconstruct the second key pair and signed certificate from the at least a portion of the n shares retrieved; and

present the signed certificate to a verification device to replace the first public key with the second public key.

14. The device of claim 13 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

send the second public key to a verification device that authenticates the second key pair and invalidates the first key pair upon authentication of the second key pair; and

associate a trust level with the second key pair that corresponds with a trust level associated with the first key pair.

15. The device of claim 13 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

distribute the signed certificate to an authentication device to replace the first public key with the second public key and invalidate the first key pair upon authentication of the second key pair.

16. The token device of claim 13 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

retrieve fewer than n shares from the at least two shareholders and reconstruct the second key pair and the signed certificate from the fewer than n shares retrieved.

17. A token device that facilitates replacing cryptographic keys, comprising:

a processor; and

a memory; wherein the memory stores computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

generate a pseudorandom first key pair that comprises a first private key and a corresponding first public key,

generate a pseudorandom spare second key pair that comprises a second private key and a second public key,

sign the second public key with the first private key to obtain a signed certificate adapted to authenticate the second public key when the first public key is replaced with the second public key;

divide the second key pair and signed certificate into n shares, where n is an integer; and

transmit the n shares to at least two shareholders for safekeeping.

18. The device of claim 17 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

receive at least a portion of the n shares from the at least two shareholders;

reconstruct the second key pair and signed certificate from the at least a portion of the n shares received; and

send the signed certificate to a verification device to replace the first public key with the second public key.

19. The device of claim 18 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

authenticate the second key pair and invalidate the first key pair upon authentication of the second key pair.

20. The device of claim 19 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

generate a third key pair when replacing the first key with the second key, the third key pair comprising a third public key and a third private key.

21. The device of claim 18 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

distribute the signed certificate to an authentication device to replace the first public key with the second public key and invalidate the first key pair upon authentication of the second key pair.

22. The token device of claim 18 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

receive fewer than n shares from the at least two shareholders and reconstruct the second key pair and the signed certificate from the fewer than n shares retrieved.

23. The device of claim 17 , wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

create a duplicate key pair of the first key pair;

associate a set of use rules with the duplicate key pair; and

distribute the duplicate key pair and use rules to a second token device.

24. The device of claim 17 wherein the memory stores additional computer executable instructions that when executed by the processor, causes the processor to:

invalidate the duplicate key pair according to use rules.

25. A non-transitory machine-readable medium having one or more instructions for replacing cryptographic keys, which when executed by a processor causes the processor to:

generate a pseudorandom first key pair that comprises a first private key and a corresponding first public key;

generate a pseudorandom spare second key pair that comprises a second private key and a second public key;

sign the second public key with the first private key to obtain a signed certificate adapted to authenticate the second public key when the first public key is replaced with the second public key;

divide the second key pair and signed certificate into n shares, where n is an integer; and

distribute the n shares to at least two shareholders for safekeeping.

26. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 25 having one or more instructions which when executed by a processor causes the processor to further:

retrieve at least a portion of the n shares from the at least two shareholders;

reconstruct the second key pair and signed certificate from the at least a portion of the n shares retrieved; and

present the signed certificate to a verification device to replace the first public key with the second public key; and

authenticate the second key pair and invalidate the first key pair upon authentication of the second key pair.

27. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 26 having one or more instructions which when executed by a processor causes the processor to further:

distribute the signed certificate to an authentication device to replace the first public key with the second public key and invalidate the first key pair upon authentication of the second key pair.

28. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 26 , wherein the processor is instructed to retrieve fewer than n shares from the at least two shareholders and to reconstruct the second key pair and the signed certificate from the fewer than n shares retrieved.

29. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 25 having one or more instructions which when executed by a processor causes the processor to further:

associate a trust level with the second key pair that corresponds with a trust level associated with the first key pair.

30. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 25 having one or more instructions which when executed by a processor causes the processor to further:

create a duplicate key pair of the first key pair;

associate a set of use rules with the duplicate key pair; and

distribute the duplicate key pair and use rules to a duplicate user device.