Process for producing polymer nanodispersions
View Patent ↗This disclosure is generally directed to a batch process of producing semi-conductive polymer nanodispersions in which a composition comprising a liquid and a polymer is at least partially dissolved in the liquid, resulting in dissolved polymer molecules in the composition, wherein the dissolution occurs in a dissolution vessel. The solubility of the dissolved polymer molecules in the composition is then increased to increase the concentration of dissolved polymer in the composition to a range from about 0.1% to about 30% based on a total weight of the polymer and the liquid, wherein increasing the solubility of the dissolved polymer in the composition occurs in a dissolution vessel. The dissolved polymer in the composition is then diluted with a diluent, wherein the dissolution of the dissolved polymer in the composition occurs by addition of the composition to the diluent in a precipitation vessel.
1. A process comprising:
(a) providing a composition comprising a liquid and a polymer dissolved in the liquid, resulting in dissolved polymer molecules in the composition, wherein the dissolution occurs in a dissolution vessel;
(b) increasing the solubility of the dissolved polymer molecules in the composition to increase the concentration of dissolved polymer in the composition to a range from about 0.1% to about 30% based on a total weight of the polymer and the liquid, wherein increasing the solubility of the dissolved polymer in the composition occurs in a dissolution vessel; and
(c) diluting the dissolved polymer in the composition with a diluent, wherein the dissolution of the dissolved polymer in the composition occurs by addition of the composition to the diluent in a precipitation vessel, wherein:
the diluent is pre-chilled such that an internal temperature of the precipitation vessel does not exceed 10° C.; and
75% or less of the total amount of diluent used is added to the dissolution vessel with the remaining amount added to the precipitation vessel.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the diluent is at a lower temperature than the dissolved polymer solution.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition and diluent are further cooled and/or agitated to induce precipitation.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein agitation commences at any time prior to combining the dissolved polymer solution with the diluent.
5. The process of claim 3 , wherein agitation commences simultaneous with combining the dissolved polymer solution with the diluent.
6. The process of claim 3 , wherein agitation commences subsequent to combining the dissolved polymer solution with the diluent.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein increasing the solubility of the dissolved polymer molecules is accomplished by changing the temperature of the polymer in solution.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is at least one of a self-organizable polymer and a semi-conductive polymer.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a conjugated polymer.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is polythiophene.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is polythiophene from the group consisting of:
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a semiconductor.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the diluent has the same composition as the liquid.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the respective volumes of the composition and diluent combined in the precipitation vessel ranges from 1:1 to 1:15 by volume based on the total volume of the liquid and the dissolved polymer.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the liquid is selected from the group consisting of dichloroethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, dichloromethane, trichloroethane, 1,2,2-chloroethane, and a mixture thereof.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the diluent is selected from the group consisting of dichloroethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthelene, dichloromethane, trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-chloroethane, and a mixture thereof.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the precipitated compounds are in sizes compatible for use in spin coating and inkjet printing.
18. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition is heated in a dissolution vessel.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition is cooled in a precipitation vessel.
20. A process comprising:
(a) providing a composition comprising a solvent and a polythiopohene at least partially dissolved in the solvent, resulting in dissolved polythiopohene molecules, wherein the dissolution occurs in a dissolution vessel;
(b) increasing the solubility of the dissolved polythiophene molecules in the composition by increasing the temperature of, or agitating the composition to increase the concentration of dissolved polythiophene in the composition to a range from about 0.2% to about 5% based on a total weight of the polythiophene and the solvent, wherein increasing the solubility of the dissolved polythiophene molecules in the composition occurs in a dissolution vessel; and
(c) diluting and/or cooling the composition by addition of the composition to a diluent, wherein the dissolution occurs in a precipitation vessel, the diluent comprises the same compound as the solvent, the diluent is pre-chilled such that an internal temperature of the precipitation vessel does not exceed 10° C.; and
75% or less of the total amount of diluent used is added to the dissolution vessel with the remaining amount added to the precipitation vessel.