Polyarylether membranes
View Patent ↗Membranes for use in methods and apparatuses for hemodialysis and hemofiltration are composed of at least one membrane comprising a polyarylethernitrile having structural units of formula 1, 2, 3 and 4 wherein Z is a direct bond, O, S, CH 2 , SO, SO 2 , CO, RPO, CH 2 , alkenyl, alkynyl, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof; R is a C 6-12 aromatic radical or a C 1-12 aliphatic radical; R 1 and R 2 are independently H, halo, nitro, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical, or a combination thereof; a is 0, 1, 2 or 3; b is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; m and n are independently 0 or 1; and Q and Z are different.
1. A membrane for hemodialysis and hemofiltration having a pore size between about 0.5 nm and 100 nm comprising a polyarylethernitrile having a contact angle with water of less than about 50° measured on a surface of the copolymer cast as a film on a glass substrate and having structural units of formula 1, 2, 3 and 4
wherein
Z is a direct bond, O, S, SO, SO 2 , CO, RPO, alkenyl, alkynyl, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
R is a C 6-12 aromatic radical or a C 1-12 aliphatic radical;
R 1 and R 2 are independently H, halo, nitro, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical, or a combination thereof;
a is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
b is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
m and n are independently 0 or 1;
Q and Z are different;
R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are independently H, halo, nitro, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
Q is a direct bond, O, S, alkenyl, alkynyl, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
Z 1 is a direct bond, O, S, CH 2 , SO, SO 2 , CO, RPO or a combination thereof;
c, d and e are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
p, q and r are independently 0 or 1; and
said polyarylethernitrile has a benzonitrile content of between about 20 and 35 mol %; and the remaining between about 65 and 80 mol % of said polyarylethernitrile is made up of Bisphenol-A and Bisphenol-S residues.
2. A membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the polyarylethernitrile comprises structural units of formula 1A, 2A, and 3A
3. A membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the polyarylethernitrile comprises structural units of formula 1A, 2A, and 3B
4. A membrane according to claim 1 , having a hollow fiber configuration.
5. A hollow fiber module comprising a plurality of membranes according to claim 4 .
6. A method for hemodialysis and hemofiltration, said method comprising contacting blood with a membrane having a pore size between about 0.5 nm and 100 nm comprising at least one polyarylethernitrile having a contact angle with water of less than about 50° measured on a surface of the copolymer cast as a film on a glass substrate and having structural units of formula 1, 2, 3 and 4
wherein
Z is a direct bond, O, S, SO, SO 2 , CO, RPO, alkenyl, alkynyl, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
R is a C 6-12 aromatic radical or a C 1-12 aliphatic radical;
R 1 and R 2 are independently H, halo, nitro, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical, or a combination thereof;
a is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
b is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
m and n are independently 0 or 1;
Q and Z are different;
R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are independently H, halo, nitro, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
Q is a direct bond, O, S, alkenyl, alkynyl, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
Z 1 is a direct bond, O, S, CH 2 , SO, SO 2 , CO, RPO or a combination thereof;
c, d and e are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
p, q and r are independently 0 or 1; and
said polyarylethernitrile has a benzonitrile content of between about 20 and 50 mol %; and the remaining between about 50 and 80 mol % of said polyarylethernitrile is made up of Bisphenol-A and Bisphenol-S residues.
7. A method according to claim 6 , wherein the polyarylethernitrile comprises structural units of formula 1A, 2A, and 3A
8. A method according to claim 6 , wherein the polyarylethernitrile comprises structural units of formula 1A, 2A, and 3B
9. A membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane has a hollow fiber configuration.
10. A dialysis apparatus comprising at least one membrane having a pore size between about 0.5 nm and 100 nm comprising a polyarylethernitrile having a contact angle with water of less than about 50° measured on a surface of the copolymer cast as a film on a glass substrate and having structural units of formula 1, 2, 3 and 4
wherein
Z is a direct bond, O, S, SO, SO 2 , CO, RPO, alkenyl, alkynyl, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
R is a C 6-12 aromatic radical or a C 1-12 aliphatic radical;
R 1 and R 2 are independently H, halo, nitro, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical, or a combination thereof;
a is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
b is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
m and n are independently 0 or 1;
Q and Z are different;
R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are independently H, halo, nitro, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
Q is a direct bond, O, S, alkenyl, alkynyl, a C 1 -C 12 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 12 aromatic radical or a combination thereof;
Z 1 is a direct bond, O, S, CH 2 , SO, SO 2 , CO, RPO or a combination thereof;
c, d and e are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and
p, q and r are independently 0 or 1.
11. A dialysis apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the polyarylethernitrile comprises structural units of formula 1A, 2A, and 3A
12. A dialysis apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the polyarylethernitrile comprises structural units of formula 1A, 2A, and 3B
13. A dialysis apparatus according to claim 10 , having a hollow fiber configuration.
14. A dialysis apparatus according to claim 10 , comprising a plurality of the membranes.
15. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the membrane has a pore size of between about 4 nm and 25 nm.
16. The membrane of claim 15 wherein the membrane has a pore size of between about 4 nm and 15 nm.
17. The method of claim 6 wherein the membrane has a pore size of between about 4 nm and 25 nm.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the membrane has a pore size of between about 4 nm and 15 nm.