Relay device and corresponding method
View Patent ↗A method of operating a relay device, in an electrical circuit comprising first and second main circuit breakers, and a bus tie circuit breaker connecting the first and second main circuit breakers, the method comprising computing a first positive sequence current phasor for the first main circuit breaker and a second positive sequence current phasor for the second main circuit breaker computing a first positive sequence voltage phasor for the first main circuit breaker and a second positive sequence voltage phasor for the second main circuit breaker; computing a correction of the first positive sequence voltage and second positive sequence voltage to a line-to-neutral phase angle reference if there is any rotation in a potential transformer connection; determining a fault has occurred when a magnitude of a current through at least one of the first main circuit breaker or the second main circuit breaker exceeds a predetermined threshold; determining a phase angle difference by comparing the phase angle of the positive sequence current phasor with the phase angle of the positive sequence voltage phasor for both the first main circuit breaker or the second main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level; and determining the fault is located upstream or downstream of the first main circuit breaker or the second main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level, if the phase angle difference is determined to be above a predetermined amount.
1. A method of operating a relay device, in an electrical circuit comprising first and second main circuit breakers, and a bus tie circuit breaker connecting the first and second main circuit breakers, the method comprising:
a) computing a first positive sequence current phasor for the first main circuit breaker and a second positive sequence current phasor for the second main circuit breaker;
b) computing a first positive sequence voltage phasor for the first main circuit breaker and a second positive sequence voltage phasor for the second main circuit breaker;
c) computing a correction of the first positive sequence voltage and second positive sequence voltage to a line-to-neutral phase angle reference if there is any rotation in a potential transformer connection;
d) determining a fault has occurred when a magnitude of a current through at least one of the first main circuit breaker or the second main circuit breaker exceeds a predetermined threshold;
e) determining a phase angle difference by comparing the phase angle of the positive sequence current phasor with the phase angle of the positive sequence voltage phasor for both the first main circuit breaker or the socond main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level; and
f) determining the fault is located upstream or downstream of the first main circuit breaker or the second main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level, if the phase angle difference is determined to be above a predetermined amount.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the positive sequence voltage drop of each main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level is computed by multiplying the current through each main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level by a nominal complex impedance of one of a first and a second transformer upstream of the first and second main circuit breakers.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the fault location is determined every ½ cycle.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein a fault location is declared when a fault location is determined to a given location a total of at least two times.
5. The method of claim 3 wherein the determined fault location is used to determine an appropriate circuit breaker to trip.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein for a fault a location 1 , only the first main circuit breaker is tripped.
7. The method of claim 4 wherein for a fault a location 2 , the first main circuit breaker and the bus tie circuit breaker are tripped within 1 second of each other.
8. The method of claim 4 wherein for a fault a location 3 , only the second main circuit breaker is tripped.
9. The method of claim 4 wherein for a fault a location 4 , the second main circuit breaker and the bus tie circuit breaker are tripped.
10. A computer program product comprising: a program storage device readable by a relay device in an electrical circuit comprising first and second main circuit breakers, and a bus tie circuit breaker connecting the first and second main circuit breakers, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the relay device to perform method steps for operating the relay device, the method comprising:
a) computing a first positive sequence current phasor for the first main circuit breaker and a second positive sequence current phasor for the second main circuit breaker;
b) computing a first positive sequence voltage phasor for the first main circuit breaker and a second positive sequence voltage phasor for the second main circuit breaker;
c) computing a correction of the first positive sequence voltage and second positive sequence voltage to a line-to-neutral phase angle reference if there is any rotation in a potential transformer connection;
d) determining a fault has occurred when a magnitude of a current through at least one of the first main circuit breaker or the second main circuit breaker exceeds a predetermined threshold;
e) determining a phase angle difference by comparing the phase angle of the positive sequence current phasor with the phase angle of the positive sequence voltage phasor for both the first main circuit breaker and the second main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level; and
l) determining the fault is located upstream or downstream of the first main circuit breaker and the second main circuit breaker having the magnitude of current determined to have exceeded the predetermined level, if the phase angle difference is determined to be above a predetermined amount.
11. The method of claim 2 wherein the positive sequence voltage phasor is computed using a pre-fault bus voltage.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the phase angle of the positive sequence voltage phasor for the first main circuit breaker and the positive sequence voltage phasor for the second main circuit breaker is a pre-fault voltage phasor.