Nitrated extreme pressure additives
This invention relates to processes for making nitro compounds derived from C 2 -C 30 unsaturated fatty acids; C 2 -C 30 unsaturated fatty oils; esters derived from the reaction of C 1 -C 20 alcohols with unsaturated C 2 -C 30 fatty acids; C 2 -C 20 polyolefins; C 4 -C 20 polydiolefins; C 8 -C 20 copolymers derived from polyolefins and vinyl aromatics; and C 4 -C 30 alkylated phenols using nitric acid or gaseous nitrogen dioxide. This class of extreme-pressure additives was found extremely effective in processing steel, stainless steel and special titanium and nickel or low-iron alloys.
1. A process of using an extreme pressure additive with steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel, which comprises the steps of:
nitrating at least one C 20 -C 30 alkylated phenol
wherein said C 20 -C 30 alkylated phenol is selected from the group consisting of C 20-30 alkyl alcohols, C 20-30 aryl alcohols, C 20-30 arylakyl alcohols, C 20-30 alkylaryl alcohols or esters thereof,
adding said at least one nitrated moiety to a lubricating oil or grease to form said extreme pressure additive,
said extreme pressure additive reacting with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of steel, stainless steel, metals and alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel thereof via chemi-adsorption to form a sacrificial coating on said steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel;
adding at least one non-chlorine containing moiety to said oil-based lubricant, a combination of said non-chlorine containing moiety and said nitrated moiety improving a performance of said extreme-pressure, water-dispersible additive in at least one physical characteristic associated with cutting applications when compared to using said additive without said combination and further wherein said non-chlorine containing moiety is selected from the group consisting of a sulfur-containing moiety and a phosphorus-containing moiety.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein said at least one nitrated moiety is a minor amount and said oil or grease is a major amount.
3. A process of using an extreme-pressure additive with steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel, as at least a partial replacement for chlorinated extreme-pressure additives which comprises the steps of:
nitrating soybean oil,
adding said nitrated soybean oil to a lubricating oil or grease to form said extreme-pressure additive,
said nitrated soybean extreme-pressure additive reacting with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of steel, stainless steel, special metals and alloys thereof via chemi-adsorption to form a sacrificial coating on said steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel,
said nitrated soybean extreme-pressure additive performing at least as well as said chlorinated extreme-pressure additive in a microtap tapping efficiency test associated with cutting applications.
4. A process of using an extreme-pressure additive with steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel, as at least a partial replacement for chlorinated extreme-pressure additives which comprises the steps of:
nitrating a reaction product of an ester blend of a polyol and an unsaturated fatty acid,
adding said nitrated ester blend to a lubricating oil or grease to form said extreme pressure additive,
said nitrated ester blend extreme-pressure additive reacting with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of steel, stainless steel, special metals and alloys thereof via chemi-adsorption to form a sacrificial coating on said steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel,
said nitrated ester blend extreme-pressure additive performing at least as well as said chlorinated extreme-pressure additive in a microtap tapping efficiency test associated with cutting applications.
5. A process of using an extreme-pressure additive with steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel, as at least a partial replacement for chlorinated extreme-pressure additives which comprises the steps of:
nitrating an unsaturated fatty acid,
adding said nitrated fatty acid to a lubricating oil or grease to form said extreme pressure additive,
said nitrated fatty acid extreme-pressure additive reacting with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of steel, stainless steel, special metals and alloys thereof via chemi-adsorption to form a sacrificial coating on said steel, stainless steel, metals or alloys containing titanium, chromium or nickel,
said nitrated fatty acid extreme-pressure additive performing at least as well as said chlorinated extreme-pressure additive in a microtap tapping efficiency test associated with cutting applications.