Solder compositions; method of soldering, and a laminated transparency having bus bars
View Patent ↗A low temperature solder including indium in the range of 62-65 weight percent and tin in the range of 31-33 weight percent uses the heat generated during thermal treatment of one or more glass sheets to melt the solder. In one non-limiting embodiment, a lead providing external access to an electrical conductive arrangement, e.g. a conductive member between and connected to spaced bus bars between laminated sheets has an end portion of a connector, e.g. a lead soldered to each of the bus bars during thermal processing of the sheets, e.g. during the lamination of the sheets during a windshield manufacturing process. In another nonlimiting embodiment, the connector is soldered to the electrically conductive arrangement during the annealing of glass blanks following the heating and shaping of the glass blanks.
1. A low temperature solder comprising: 62-65 weight percent indium, 31-33 weight percent tin and the remaining ingredients other than indium and tin include at least silver.
2. The solder according to claim 1 , wherein the ingredients other than indium and tin and including at least silver comprise:
silver
3.00-4.95
weight percent,
copper
0.25-1.25
weight percent,
antimony
0-0.750
weight percent,
gold
0-0.080
weight percent,
lead
0-0.200
weight percent,
aluminum
0-0.080
weight percent,
arsenic
0-0.030
weight percent,
cadmium
0-0.005
weight percent,
zinc
0-0.005
weight percent,
bismuth
0-0.250
weight percent,
iron
0-0.020
weight percent, and
nickel
0-0.005
weight percent.
3. The solder according to claim 1 , wherein the ingredients other than indium and tin and including at least silver comprise copper in the range of greater than 0 to 1 .5 weight percent and silver in the range of 3-4 weight percent.
4. The solder according to claim 3 , wherein indium has a weight percent of 63.5; tin has a weight percent of 32; copper has a weight percent of 1 .0, and silver has a weight percent of 3.5.
5. The solder according to claim 1 , wherein the indium has a weight percent of 64; the tin has a weight percent of 31 and the ingredients other than indium and tin and including at least silver, wherein silver has a weight percent of 5.
6. The solder according to claim 4 , wherein the solder has a liquidus temperature of 119.6° C and a solidus temperature of 118.6° C.
7. The solder according to claim 5 , wherein the temperature difference between the liquidus and solidus temperatures is 1° C.
8. A method of soldering a connector to an electrically conductive arrangement, comprising:
providing a first sheet having a major surface, a peripheral edge and an electrically conductive arrangement on the major surface, the conductive arrangement comprising a preselected contact area;
providing a connector having a first portion and a second portion, the first portion spaced from the second portion;
positioning the first portion of the connector over the contact area;
providing a layer of solder between the first portion of the connector and the preselected contact area, the solder having a melting temperature, wherein the solder comprises 61-65 weight percent indium, 30-34 weight percent tin and greater than 0 to 5 weight percent ingredients other than indium and tin;
positioning a second sheet having a peripheral edge over the first portion of the connector to provide a subassembly, the second portion of the connector extending beyond the peripheral edge of at least one of the sheets;
heating the subassembly to a temperature greater than the melting temperature of the solder to melt the solder; and
cooling the subassembly to solidify the solder and provide eletrical contact to the conductive arrangement at least through the second portion of the connector.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the solder comprises indium in the range of 62-65 weight percent; tin in the range of 31-33 weight percent, and further comprising copper in the range of greater than 0 to 1.5 weight percent and silver in the range of 3-4 weight percent.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the solder comprises indium having a weight percent of 63.5; tin having a weight percent of 32; copper having a weight percent of 1.0, and silver having a weight percent of 3.5.
11. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the temperature difference between the liquidus and solidus temperatures is 1° C.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the solder has a liquidus temperature of 119.6° C and a solidus temperature of 118.6° C.
13. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the solder comprises indium having a weight percent of 64; tin having a weight percent of 31, and 5 weight percent of other ingredients.
14. A laminated transparency comprising:
a first glass sheet having a desired configuration and periphery;
a second glass sheet having a configuration and periphery generally corresponding to the configuration and periphery of the first sheet;
an interlayer positioned between the first sheet and second sheet;
an electrically conductive member between a major surface of the first sheet and the interlayer, the conductive member being spaced from the periphery of the first sheet so as to provide a non-conductive area along the periphery of the first sheet;
first and second spaced apart metal foil bus bars positioned between the major surface of the first sheet and the interlayer and in electrical contact with the conductive member, wherein at least a portion of the conductive member extends between the first and second bus bars and at least one end of the first bus bar extends into the nonconductive area;
an electrically conductive hard-set bus bar extension extending along a portion of the nonconductive area, wherein a first end of the bus bar extension is in electrical contact with the at least one end of the first bus bar;
a first lead with a first end in electrical contact with an opposing end of the bus bar extension within the nonconductive area, and a second end extending beyond the periphery of the first sheet; and
a second lead with a first end in electrical contact with the second bus bar, and a second end extending beyond the periphery of the first sheet.
15. The transparency according to claim 14 , wherein the first end portion of the second lead is soldered to the second bus bar.
16. The transparency according to claim 15 , wherein a bus bar extension has an end portion soldered to the second bus bar and the first end portion of the second lead is soldered to the bus bar extension.
17. The transparency according to claim 14 , wherein the second portion of the first and second leads extends from same side of the laminate.
18. The transparency according to claim 14 , wherein the transparency is an automotive laminated transparency.
19. The transparency according to claim 14 wherein the electrically conductive member is an electrically conductive coating, a wire, a coating responsive to electric stimuli, and an antenna for receiving and/or sending signals.
20. The low temperature solder according to claim 1 , wherein the low temperature solder is adapted for soldering on a glass substrate.