Synthesis of a nitroxide antioxidant and methods of use in cosmetic and dermatological compositions

1. A chemical composition comprising a methoxycinnamate compound of the general formula (1)

wherein the X-group comprises:

(i) a moiety of formula (II) or (III)

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be identical or different, each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, and —COOR 5 , wherein R 5 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl and an arylalkyl residue; and wherein n is 0 or 1; n′ is 0, 1, or 2; and z is a member from the group consisting of —O, —C(O)O, —NH, and —C(O)NH; or

(ii) a moiety of formula (IV) or (V)

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be identical or different, each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, and —COOR 5 sherein R 5 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and an arylalkyl residue; and wherein, n is 0 or 1; n′ is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and z is a member from the group consisting of —O, —C(O)O, —NH, and —C(O)NH; or

(iii) a moiety of formula (VI) or (VII):

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be identical or different, each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, and —COOR 5 wherein R 5 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or arylalkyl residue; and wherein n is 0 or 1; n′ is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and z is a member selected from the group consisting of —O, —C(O)O, —NH, and —C(O)NH; or

(iv) a moiety of formula (VIII) or (IX):

wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 can be identical or different, and selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, and —COOR 5 wherein R 5 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, and an aralkyl residue; or

(v) a moiety of formula (X):

wherein R 1 represents an oxygen or a NR 2 , and R 2 represents a member selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, an alkoxy, an aryl, and a phenyl group; and n is 1, 2 or 3; and Z is a member selected from the group consisting of —O, —C(O)O, —NH, and —C(O)NH; or

(vi) a moiety of formula (XI)

wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, a phenyl, a substituted benzene residue, a benzylic or a substituted benzylic residue, and an allylic residue; or

(vii) a moiety of formula (XII)

(viii) a moiety of formula (XIII)

wherein R 1 and R 2 can be identical or different, each selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen, an alkyl, and an alkoxy residue; and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; or

(ix) a moiety of formula (XIV)

wherein R 1 and R 2 can be identical or different, each selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen, an alkyl, and an alkoxy residue.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further includes at least one other ingredient selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, a pharmaceutical compounding agent, a preservative, a glycol, a water, a surfactant, an emulsifier, a dermal penetration enhancer, a reducing agent, an organic solvent, an antioxidant, a triglyceride, a lipid or phospholipid, an oil, a fat, a carbohydrate or saccharide, a protein, a nucleotide, a liposome, a salt or mineral, a plant extract, an active agent, and combinations thereof.

3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the composition comprises a pharmaceutically suitable form selected from the group consisting of a cream, a lotion, a powder, a spray, a gel, an ointment, a suspension or emulsion, a mousse, an aerosols, and a transdermal device.