Free-flowing filler composition and rubber composition containing same
View Patent ↗This invention relates to novel free-flowing filler compositions containing silated cyclic core polysulfide coupling agents, and to a rubber containing the filler composition.
1. A preformed, free-flowing filler composition which comprises:
a) a filler;
b) a first silane which is a silated core polysulfide having the general formula:
[Y 1 R 1 S x —] m [G 1 (SR 2 SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ) a ] n [G 2 ] o [R 3 Y 2 ] p
wherein:
each occurrence of G 1 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon or polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon species having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms containing a polysulfide group represented by the general formula:
[(CH 2 ) b —] c R 4 [—(CH 2 ) d S x —] e ;
each occurrence of G 2 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon or polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon species of 1 to about 30 carbon atoms containing a polysulfide group represented by the general formula:
[(CH 2 ) b —] c R 5 [—(CH 2 ) d S x —] e ;
each occurrence of R 1 and R 3 is independently selected from a divalent hydrocarbon fragment having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms;
each occurrence of Y 1 and Y 2 is independently selected from consisting of silyl (—SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ), hydrogen, alkoxy (—OR 6 ), carboxylic acid, ester (—C(═O)OR 6 ) wherein R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
each occurrence of R 2 is independently selected from a divalent hydrocarbon fragment having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms that include branched and straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl groups;
each occurrence of R 4 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon fragment of 1 to about 28 carbon atom that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of a+c+e, and include cyclic and polycyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl and aralkyl groups in which a+c+e−1 hydrogens have been replaced, or a polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon fragment from 1 to 27 carbon atoms that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of a+c+e;
each occurrence of R 5 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon fragment of 1 to about 28 carbon atom that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of c+e and include cyclic and polycyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl and aralkyl groups in which c+e−1 hydrogens have been replaced, or a polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon fragment from 1 to 27 carbon atoms that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of c+e;
each occurrence of X 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of —Cl, —Br, —OH, —OR 6 , and R 6 C(═O)O—, wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
each occurrence of X 2 and X 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, R 6 , wherein R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X 1 , wherein X 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of —Cl, —Br, —OH, —OR 6 , and R 6 C(═O)O—, wherein R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and —OSi containing groups that result from the condensation of silanols;
each occurrence of the subscripts, a, b, c, d, e, m, n, o, p, and x, is independently given by a, c and e are 1 to about 3; b is 1 to about 5; d is 1 to about 5; m and p are 1 to about 100; n is 1 to about 15; o is 0 to about 10; and x is 1 to about 10; and, optionally,
c) a second silane having the general formula:
[X 1 X 2 X 3 SiR 1 S x R 3 SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ]
wherein:
each occurrence of each occurrence of R 1 and R 3 are chosen independently from a divalent hydrocarbon fragment having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms that include branched and straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl groups wherein one hydrogen atom was substituted with a silyl group, (—SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ), wherein X 1 is independently selected from the groups consisting of —Cl, —Br, —OH, —OR 6 , and R 6 C(═O)O—, wherein R 6 is any monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and includes branched or straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group and X 2 and X 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, R 6 , X 1 , and —OSi containing groups that result from the condensation of silanols, and the subscript x is 1 to 10.
2. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 wherein the filler is chemically inert relative to silane.
3. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 2 wherein the filler is carbon black.
4. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 2 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
5. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 wherein the filler is chemically reactive to the silane and silane is chemically bonded to said chemically reactive filler.
6. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 5 wherein the chemically reactive filler possesses surface metal hydroxyl functionality.
7. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 6 wherein the chemically reactive filler is a siliceous material.
8. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 7 wherein the siliceous material is a silica.
9. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 5 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
10. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 wherein the filler is a mixture of filler chemically inert relative to the silane and filler which is chemically reactive to the silane and chemically bonded thereto.
11. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 10 wherein the inert filler is carbon black and the chemically reactive filler is a silica.
12. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 11 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
13. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 10 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
14. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 wherein the silated cyclic core polysulfide is selected from the group consisting of 4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,2-bis-(13-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetra-thiatridecyl)cyclohexane, 4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,2-bis-( 13-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiatri-decyl)cyclohexane, 4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,2-bis-(13 -triethoxysilyl-3,4,5-trithia-tridecyl)cyclohexane, 4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,2-bis-(12-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5-tetrath-iadodecyl)cyclohexane, 1-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-2,4-bis-(11-triethoxysilyl-3,4-tetrathia-unidecyl)cyclohexane 4-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-thiaethyl)-1,2-bis-(13-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6,7-pentathiatridecyl)cyclohexane, 4-(6-diethoxymethylsilyl-2-thia hexyl)-1,2-bis-(13-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetrathiatridecyl)cyclohexane, 4-(4-triethoxysilyl-2-thiabutyl)-1,2,-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetrathianonyl)cyclohexane, 4-(7-triethoxysilyl-3-thiaheptyl)-1,2-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5-trithia-nonyl)cyclohexane, 4-(5-triethoxysilyl-2-thiapentyl)-1,2-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetra-thianonyl)benzene, 4-(5-triethoxysilyl-2-thiapentyl)-1,2-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5-trithia-nonyl)benzene, 4-(5-triethoxysilyl-2-thiapentyl)-1,2-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithianon-yl)benzene, bis-2-[4-(3-triethoxysilyl-2-thiapropyl)-3-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetr-athianonyl)cyclohexyl]ethyl tetrasulfide, bis-2-[4-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-thiapropyl)-3-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5 ,6-tetr-athianonyl)cyclohexyl]ethyl trisulfide, bis-2-[4-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-thiapropyl)-3-(7-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiahe-ptyl)cyclohexyl]ethyl disulfide, bis-2-[4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-3-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5-trithia-nonyl)phenyl]ethyl tetrasulfide, bis-2-[4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-3-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5-trithia-nonyl)nathyl]ethyl tetrasulfide; bis-2-[4-(4-diethoxymethylsilyl-2-thiabutyl)-3-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetrathianonyl)phenyl]ethyl trisulfide, bis-2-[4-(4-triethoxysilyl-2-thiaethyl)-3-(7-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiahep-tyl)cycloheptyl]ethyl disulfide, bis-2-[4-(4-triethoxysilyl-2-thiaethyl)-3-(7-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiahep-tyl)cyclooctyl]ethyl disulfide, bis-2-[4-(4-triethoxysilyl-2-thiaethyl)-3-(7-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiahep-tyl)cyclododecyl]ethyl disulfide; 4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,2-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetrat-hianonyl)cyclohexane; 2-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,4-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetrat-hianonyl)cyclohexane; 1-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-2,4-bis-(9-triethoxysilyl-3,4,5,6-tetrat-hianonyl)cyclohexane; 4-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,2-bis-(7-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiahept-yl)cyclohexane; 2-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-1,4-bis-(7-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiahept-yl)cyclohexane; 1-(6-triethoxysilyl-3-thiahexyl)-2,4-bis-(7-triethoxysilyl-3,4-dithiahept-yl)cyclohexane, and mixtures thereof.
15. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 14 wherein the filler is chemically inert relative to silane.
16. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 15 wherein the filler is carbon black.
17. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 15 containing from about 30 to about 99.9 weight percent chemically inert filler, the balance of the composition being first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
18. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at, least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 17 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
19. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 15 containing from about 50 to about 90 weight percent chemically inert filler, the balance of the composition being first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
20. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 15 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
21. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 14 wherein the filler is chemically reactive to the silane and silane is chemically bonded to said chemically reactive filler.
22. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 21 wherein the chemically reactive filler possesses surface metal hydroxyl functionality.
23. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 22 wherein the chemically reactive filler is a siliceous material.
24. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 23 wherein the siliceous material is a silica.
25. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 21 containing from about 80 to about 99.9 weight percent chemically reactive filler, the balance of the composition being first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
26. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 25 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
27. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 21 containing from about 90 to about 99.5 weight percent chemically reactive filler, the balance of the composition being first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
28. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 21 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
29. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 14 wherein the filler is a mixture of filler chemically inert relative to the silane and filler which is chemically reactive to the silane and chemically bonded thereto.
30. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 29 wherein the inert filler is carbon black and the chemically reactive filler is a silica.
31. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 29 containing from about 5 to about 85 weight percent inert filler and from about 15 to about 95 chemically reactive filler, and from about 0.1 to 19 weight percent first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
32. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 31 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
33. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 29 containing from about 40 to about 5 weight percent inert filler and from about 60 to about 95 weight percent chemically reactive filler, and from about 0.1 to 20 weight percent first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
34. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 29 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
35. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 14 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
36. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 containing from about 50 to about 90 weight percent filler, the balance of the composition being first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
37. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 wherein the particulate filler comprises from of about 15 to about 95 weight percent siliceous materials and from about 5 to about 85 weight percent carbon black, and about 0.1 to 70 weight percent first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
38. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 wherein the particulate filler comprises from of about 60 to about 95 weight percent siliceous material and from about 40 to about 5 weight percent carbon black, and from about 0.1 to 70 weight percent first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
39. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 1 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.
40. The rubber composition of claim 39 wherein the rubber component is at least one sulfur vulcanizable rubber selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene homopolymers and copolymers, copolymers of at least one conjugated diene and aromatic vinyl compound and mixtures thereof.
41. The rubber composition of claim 39 wherein the rubber component is at least one natural rubber.
42. The rubber composition of claim 39 wherein the rubber component is at least one emulsion polymerization-derived rubber.
43. The rubber composition of claim 42 wherein the emulsion polymerization derived styrene/butadiene has a styrene content of about 20 to about 28 weight percent.
44. The rubber composition of claim 43 wherein the emulsion polymerization derived styrene/butadiene has a styrene content of about 30 to about 45 weight percent.
45. The rubber composition of claim 39 wherein the rubber component is at least one solvent polymerization-derived rubber.
46. The rubber composition of claim 45 wherein the solvent polymerization-derived rubber is styrene/butadiene rubber containing from about 5 to about 50 percent vinyl content.
47. The rubber composition of claim 46 wherein the solvent polymerization derived rubber is styrene/butadiene rubber containing from about 9 to about 36 percent vinyl content.
48. The rubber composition of claim 45 wherein the conjugated diene is selected from the group consisting of isoprene, 1,3-butadiene, styrene 3 alpha methyl styrene and mixtures thereof.
49. The rubber composition of claim 45 wherein polybutadiene is about 90 weight percent in the cis-1,4-butadiene form.
50. The rubber composition of claim 39 wherein the emulsion polymerization-derived rubber is at least one such rubber selected from the group consisting of styrene/butadiene rubber, emulsion-prepared styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymers and terpolymer, butadiene/acrylonitrile rubber, polybutadiene rubber and styrene/butadiene/acrylonitrile rubber.
51. The rubber composition of claim 39 wherein the rubber is selected from the group consisting of cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber, emulsion polymerization prepared styrene/butadiene copolymer rubber, organic solution polymerization prepared styrene/butadiene rubber, 3,4-polyisoprene rubber, isoprene/butadiene rubber, styrene/isoprene/butadiene terpolymer rubber, cis-1,4-polybutadiene, medium vinyl polybutadiene rubber, wherein the medium vinyl polybutadiene rubber has about 35 to 50 weight percent vinyl, high vinyl polybutadiene rubber wherein the high vinyl polybutadiene rubber has about 50 to 75 weight percent vinyl, styrene/isoprene copolymers, emulsion polymerization prepared styrene/butadiene/acrylonitrile terpolymer rubber and butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer rubber.
52. The rubber composition of claim 51 wherein the emulsion polymerization prepared styrene/butadiene/acrylonitrile terpolymer rubber contains from about 2 to about 40 weight percent acrylonitrile.
53. A preformed, free-flowing filler composition which comprises:
a) a filler
b) a first silane which is a silated core polysulfide having the general formula:
[Y 1 R 1 S x —] m [G 1 (SR 2 SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ) a ] n [G 2 ] o [R 3 Y 2 ] p
wherein:
each occurrence of G 1 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon or polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon species having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms containing a polysulfide group represented by the general formula:
[(CH 2 ) b —] c R 4 [—(CH 2 ) d S x —] e ;
each occurrence of G 2 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon or polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon species of 1 to about 30 carbon atoms containing a polysulfide group represented by the general formula:
[(CH 2 ) b —] c R 5 [—(CH 2 ) d S x —] e ;
each occurrence of R 1 and R 3 is independently selected from a divalent hydrocarbon fragment having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms;
each occurrence of Y 1 and Y 2 is independently selected from consisting of silyl (—SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ), hydrogen, alkoxy (—OR 6 ), carboxylic acid, ester (—C(═O)OR 6 ) wherein R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
each occurrence of R 2 is independently selected from a divalent hydrocarbon fragment having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms that include branched and straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl groups;
each occurrence of R 4 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon fragment of 1 to about 28 carbon atom that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of a c+e, and include cyclic and polycyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl and aralkyl groups in which a+c+e−1 hydrogens have been replaced, or a polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon fragment from 1 to 27 carbon atoms that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of a+c+e;
each occurrence of R 5 is independently selected from a polyvalent cyclic hydrocarbon fragment of 1 to about 28 carbon atom that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of c+e and include cyclic and polycyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl and aralkyl groups in which c+e−1 hydrogens have been replaced, or a polyvalent cyclic heterocarbon fragment from 1 to 27 carbon atoms that was obtained by substitution of hydrogen atoms equal to the sum of c+e;
each occurrence of X 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of —Cl, —Br, —OH, —OR 6 , and R 6 C(═O)O—, wherein R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
each occurrence of X 2 and X 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, R 6 , wherein R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X 1 , wherein X 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of —Cl, —Br, —OH, —OR 6 , and R 6 C(═O)O—, wherein R 6 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and —OSi containing groups that result from the condensation of silanols;
each occurrence of the subscripts, a, b, c, d, e, m, n, o, p, and x, is independently given by a, c and e are 1 to about 3; b is 1 to about 5; d is 1 to about 5; m and p are 1 to about 100; n is 1 to about 15; o is 0 to about 10; and x is 1 to about 10; and, optionally,
c) a second silane having the general formula:
[X 1 X 2 X 3 SiR 1 S x R 3 SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ]
wherein:
each occurrence of each occurrence of R 1 and R 3 are chosen independently from a divalent hydrocarbon fraament having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms that include branched and straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl groups wherein one hydrogen atom was substituted with a silyl group, (—SiX 1 X 2 X 3 ), wherein X 1 is independently selected from the groups consisting of —Cl, —Br, —OH, —OR 6 , and R 6 C(═O)O—, wherein R 6 is any monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and includes branched or straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group and X 2 and X 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, R 6 , X 1 , and —OSi containing groups that result from the condensation of silanols, and the subscript x is 1 to 10,
said composition containing from about 30 to about 99.9 weight percent filler, the balance of the composition being first silane (b) or mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c).
54. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 53 wherein the silane is a mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c) in a weight ratio of from about 0.43 to about 99.
55. The free-flowing filler composition of claim 53 wherein the silane is a mixture of first silane (b) and second silane (c) in a weight ratio of from about 1 to about 19.
56. A rubber composition comprising at least one rubber, at least one free-flowing filler composition of claim 53 , a curative and, optionally, at least one other additive selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, activators, retarders, accelerators, processing additives, oils, plasticizers, tackifying resins, silicas, fillers, pigments, fatty acids, zinc oxide, waxes, antioxidants and antiozonants, peptizing agents, reinforcing materials, and mixtures thereof.