Process for producing multi-layer structures having improved metal adhesion
Extrusion and lamination processes are provided for producing multi-layer constructions wherein metal and polyolefin layers are bonded through a tie-layer comprising a base resin and two functionalized ethylene polymers.
1 . An extrusion process for the production of multi-layer structures comprising:
(a) providing a first functionalized ethylene polymer component having an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid incorporated by grafting or copolymerization;
(b) providing a second functionalized ethylene polymer component having maleic anhydride incorporated by grafting;
(c) combining (a) and (b) with a base resin selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, copolymers of ethylene and C 3-8 α-olefins and copolymers of ethylene and vinyl esters of C 2-4 aliphatic acids to form a tie-layer adhesive composition containing 10 to 90 weight percent of a mixture of said first and second functionalized ethylene polymer components and 90 to 10 weight percent base resin, the weight ratio of (a):(b) in said mixture ranging from 8:1 to 1.5:1;
(d) melt blending the tie-layer adhesive composition; and
(e) extruding the melt blended tie-layer adhesive composition to form a multi-layer construction wherein the adhesive is disposed between a metal layer and a polyolefin layer.
2 . The process of claim 1 wherein the first functionalized ethylene polymer has 3 to 18 weight percent acrylic acid or methacrylic acid incorporated by grafting or copolymerization and the second functionalized ethylene polymer is high density polyethylene or linear low density polyethylene grafted with 0.1 to 5 weight percent maleic anhydride.
3 . The process of claim 2 wherein the weight ratio of the first functionalized ethylene polymer to the second functionalized ethylene polymer is from 8:1 to 1.5:1.
4 . The process of claim 2 wherein the first functionalized ethylene polymer is an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer having an acrylic acid content of 5 to 12 weight percent and melt index from 1 to 50 g/10 min.
5 . The process of claim 2 wherein the first functionalized ethylene polymer is an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer having a methacrylic acid content of 5 to 12 weight percent and melt index from 1 to 50 g/10 min.
6 . The process of claim 3 wherein the base resin is low density polyethylene having a density from 0.917 to 0.925 g/cm 3 and melt index from 3 to 20 g/10 min.
7 . The process of claim 6 wherein the base resin comprises 20 to 80 weight percent of the adhesive blend, the functionalized ethylene polymers comprise 80 to 20 weight percent of the adhesive blend and the weight ratio of first to second functionalized ethylene polymers is from 5:1 to 2:1.
8 . The process of claim 7 wherein the metal layer is aluminum.
9 . A lamination process for the production of multi-layer structures comprising:
(a) providing a first functionalized ethylene polymer component having an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid incorporated by grafting or copolymerization;
(b) providing a second functionalized ethylene polymer component having maleic anhydride incorporated by grafting;
(c) combining (a) and (b) with a base resin selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, copolymers of ethylene and C 3-8 α-olefins and copolymers of ethylene and vinyl esters of C 2-4 aliphatic acids to form a tie-layer adhesive composition containing 10 to 90 weight percent of a mixture of said first and second functionalized ethylene polymer components and 90 to 10 weight percent base resin, the weight ratio of (a):(b) in said mixture ranging from 8:1 to 1.5:1;
(d) melt blending the tie-layer adhesive composition;
(e) forming the melt blended tie-layer adhesive composition into a film; and
(f) forming a multi-layer laminate wherein the tie-layer adhesive film is disposed between a metal layer and a polyolefin layer.
10 . The process of claim 9 wherein the first functionalized ethylene polymer has 3 to 18 weight percent acrylic acid or methacrylic acid incorporated by grafting or copolymerization and the second functionalized ethylene polymer is high density polyethylene or linear low density polyethylene grafted with 0.1 to 5 weight percent maleic anhydride.
11 . The process of claim 10 wherein the weight ratio of the first functionalized ethylene polymer to the second functionalized ethylene polymer is from 8:1 to 1.5:1.
12 . The process of claim 10 wherein the first functionalized ethylene polymer is an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer having an acrylic acid content of 5 to 12 weight percent and melt index from 1 to 50 g/10 min.
13 . The process of claim 10 wherein the first functionalized ethylene polymer is an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer having a methacrylic acid content of 5 to 12 weight percent and melt index from 1 to 50 g/10 min.
14 . The process of claim 11 wherein the base resin is low density polyethylene having a density from 0.917 to 0.925 g/cm 3 and melt index from 3 to 20 g/10 min.
15 . The process of claim 14 wherein the base resin comprises 20 to 80 weight percent of the adhesive blend, the functionalized ethylene polymers comprise 80 to 20 weight percent of the adhesive blend and the weight ratio of first to second functionalized ethylene polymers is from 5:1 to 2:1.
16 . The process of claim 15 wherein the metal layer is aluminum.
17 . The process of claim 15 wherein the multi-layer laminate has the structure metal/tie-layer adhesive/polyolefin/tie-layer adhesive/metal.
18 . The process of claim 17 wherein the metal is aluminum and the polyolefin is polyethylene.
19 . The process of claim 7 wherein the multi-layer construction has the structure polyolefin/tie-layer adhesive/metal/tie-layer adhesive/polyolefin.
20 . The process of claim 19 wherein the metal is aluminum and the polyolefin is polyethylene.