Dna Polymerases Having Strand Displacement Activity
The invention provides novel strand displacement DNA polymerases which can be used in a rapid and efficient strand displacement amplification reactions. The polymerases are significantly more thermostable than prior art polymerase and retain high activity at elevated temperatures. Also disclosed are genes encoding the polymerases and vectors comprising the genes. Representative polymerases of the invention are obtainable from bacterial strains of the species Thermus antranikianii and Thermus brockianus and also from environmental samples with isolation of the source species.
1 . An isolated thermostable polypeptide belonging to the DNA polymerase family A which is encoded by a gene sequence obtainable from a Thermus sp. having a non-truncated molecular weight in the range of about 58-68 kDa.
2 . The polypeptide of claim 1 having a non-truncated molecular weight in the range of about 61-65 kDa.
3 . The polypeptide of claim 1 having a non-truncated molecular weight of about 63 kDa.
4 . The polypeptide of claim 1 having DNA polymerase strand-displacement activity.
5 . The polypeptide of claim 1 and having proof-reading activity.
6 . The polypeptide of claim 4 having DNA polymerase strand-displacement activity which is optimal at a temperature above about 50° C.
7 . The polypeptide of claim 6 having substantial DNA polymerase strand displacement activity above about 90° C.
8 . The polypeptide of claim 7 having at least about 10% of optimum activity at a temperature of about 90° C.
9 . An isolated thermostable polypeptide belonging to the DNA polymerase family A and having DNA polymerase strand-displacement activity, which activity is optimal at a temperature above about 50° C., and having proof-reading activity.
10 . The polypeptide of claim 9 having a molecular weight in the range of about 58-68 kDa in non-truncated form.
11 . An isolated thermostable polypeptide which belongs to a sub-family sequence-based phylogenetic branch comprising DNA polymerases having the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO:5 and SEQ ID NO:6, wherein said phylogenetic branch is defined by a phylogenetic tree being prepared with the sequence of said polypeptide and reference sequences shown in FIG. 1 with the use of ClustalX software using the alignment algorithm and the Neighbor Joining Method with default parameters, wherein said branch corresponds to internal branch p stemming from node P in the phylogenetic tree shown in FIG. 1 .
12 . The isolated thermostable polypeptide of claim 11 which is encoded by a gene sequence obtainable from a Thermus sp.
13 . The isolated thermostable polypeptide of claim 11 having a non-truncated molecular weight in the range of about 58-68 kDa.
14 . The isolated thermostable polypeptide claim 11 having DNA polymerase strand-displacement activity and having proof-reading activity.
15 . The isolated thermostable polypeptide of claim 14 having DNA polymerase strand-displacement activity which is optimal at a temperature above about 50° C.
16 . The isolated thermostable polypeptide of claim 1 , which polypeptide naturally lacks a 5′-exonuclease domain and comprises a functional 3′ exonuclease domain.
17 . The polypeptide of claim 1 comprising the sequence D/E-x-x-R/K-R/K-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-R/K (SEQ ID NO: 28) in a region of the polypeptide wherein the left-end residues D/E-x-x-R/K-R/K (SEQ ID NO: 11) align with residues 406-411 of SEQ ID NO: 4, when the sequence of said polypeptide is aligned with the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 for optimal alignment.
18 . The polypeptide of claim 17 comprising the sequence D/E-x-x-R/K-R/K-Y-x-x-T/S-x-Y-x-x-K/R-I/L-S/T (SEQ ID NO: 29) in said region.
19 . The polypeptide of claim 18 comprising the sequence D/E-G-I/L/V-R/K-R/K-Y-A-I/L/V-T/S-x-Y-G-V/L/I-R/K-I/L/V-T/S (SEQ ID NO: 30) in said region.
20 . The polypeptide of claim 1 comprising a N-terminal 3′-5′ exonuclease domain having a exonuclease active site sequence motif L-G-V-D-L-E-T-T-G-L-D-P-H (residues 29-41 of SEQ ID NO: 4) in a region of the polypeptide wherein the left-end residues L-G-V-D align with residues 29-32 of SEQ ID NO: 4, when the sequence of said polypeptide is aligned with the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 for optimal alignment.
21 . The polypeptide of claim 1 comprising a C-terminal polymerase domain having a polymerase active site sequence motif L-K-A-D-F-S-Q-I-E-L-R-J-A-A-A in a region of the polypeptide wherein the residues align with residues 337-351 of SEQ ID NO: 4, when the sequence of said polypeptide is aligned with the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 for optimal alignment.
22 . The polypeptide of claim 1 having a specific activity of at least 10.000 Units/mg when assayed with a DNA polymerase assay at 55° C. in TEG buffer (25 mM Tris-hydrochloride, pH 8; 50 mM disodium EDTA; 1% glucose), deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (250 μM each mixed with 2 μCi of [methyl-3H] Thymidine 5′-triphosphate); 30 μg of activated DNA; and 0.02-0.06 μg of the DNA polymerase enzyme, in a 50 microliter reaction and assayed from 1-20 minutes; where one Unit of enzyme activity is defined as the amount which catalyzes the incorporation of 10 nmol of total nucleotides into acid-insoluble product under said conditions after 30 min.
23 . The polypeptide of claim 22 having a specific activity of at least 100.000 Units/mg.
24 . An isolated polypeptide selected from:
a. a polypeptide comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4;
b. a polypeptide comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5;
c. a polypeptide comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6;
d. a polypeptide having at least 40% sequence identity to any of the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 6 and having substantial DNA polymerase strand displacement activity and proof-reading activity.
25 . The polypeptide of claim 23 having at least 60% sequence identity to any of the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 6 and having substantial DNA polymerase strand displacement activity and proof-reading activity.
26 . The polypeptide of claim 24 having at least 75% sequence identity to any of the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 6 and having substantial DNA polymerase strand displacement activity and proof-reading activity.
27 . An isolated polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of:
a. a polynucleotide comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1;
b. a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 4;
c. a polynucleotide comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2;
d. a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 5;
e. a polynucleotide comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3;
f. a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 6;
g. a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide which polypeptide has DNA polymerase strand displacement activity above about 55° C. and has at least 40% sequence identity to any of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6;
h. a polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions to the complement of any of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3; and
i. a polynucleotide that is complementary to any one of the above defined polynucleotides of a-h).
28 . The polynucleotide of claim 27 encoding a polypeptide which polypeptide has DNA polymerase strand displacement activity above about 55° C., has proof-reading activity and has at least 60% sequence identity to any of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6.
29 . An isolated polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide of claim 1 .
30 . A DNA construct comprising an isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 27 , operatively linked to a regulatory sequence.
31 . A host cell comprising a DNA construct of claim 30 .
32 . A method of amplifying a target nucleic acid sequence, the method comprising,
bringing into contact a DNA polymerase of as defined in claim 1 , and a target sample and optionally a set of primers, and incubating the target sample under conditions that promote replication of the target sequence,
wherein replication of the target sequence results in replicated strands, wherein during replication at least one of the replicated strands is displaced from the target sequence by strand displacement replication of another replicated strand.
33 . The isolated thermostable polypeptide of claim 9 , which polypeptide naturally lacks a 5′-exonuclease domain and comprises a functional 3′ exonuclease domain.
34 . The isolated thermostable polypeptide of claim 11 , which polypeptide naturally lacks a 5′-exonuclease domain and comprises a functional 3′ exonuclease domain.
35 . An isolated polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide of claim 9 .