Elliptic C4 with optimal orientation for enhanced reliability in electronic packages
View Patent ↗A method providing elliptical C4 connects which possesses optimal orientation for enhanced reliability, as implemented in connection with their installation in electronic packages. Employed are essentially elliptical solder pads or elliptical C4 pad configurations at various preferably corner locations on a semiconductor chip.
1. A method for forming electrical interconnects in an electronic package between a substrate and a semiconductor chip, said method comprising providing an array of C4 solder joints, each respectively connecting a metal pad on the surface of said substrate with a symmetrical metal pad located oppositely thereof on a surface of said semiconductor chip, forming an interconnect, wherein at least a portion of the array of C4 solder joints has oppositely facing metal pads on said substrate and semiconductor chip are of conformant elliptical configurations; a remaining portion constituted of non-elliptical metal pads on said substrate and said semiconductor chip being essentially of round or circular configurations, said substrate and said semiconductor chip are each substantially rectangular, said facing elliptical metal pads on said substrate and semiconductor chip being located proximate corner regions of said substantially rectangular semiconductor chip; and wherein said elliptical metal pads have minor axes thereof generally aligned along radial directions spaced from a center of said semiconductor chip towards a respectively therewith associated corner region of said semiconductor chip; the minor axes of the elliptical metal pads on said substrate and semiconductor chip being oriented to extend in parallel with a relative motion vector encountered between the metal pads on said substrate and the facing metal pads on said semiconductor chip responsive to reflow and operation of said electronic package.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said C4 solder joints comprise initially spherical solder balls located between and contacting associated facing metal pads on said substrate and semiconductor chip, said solder balls assuming a shape in conformance with said metal pads during high-temperature reflow brazing of said components and producing mechanical and electrical connections between the substrate and the semiconductor chip.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein initially spherical solder balls which are located between the elliptical metal pads on said substrate and semiconductor chip are permanently deformed into substantially elliptical configurations in conformance with said metal pads during reflow thereof.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein an identical grid array pattern is maintained for said round metal pads and for said elliptical metal pads on the substrate and semiconductor chip surfaces.
5. A method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein said deformed substantially elliptical C4 solder balls are subject to lower stresses and strains in regions of maximum strain, which are present in the corner regions of said semiconductor chip.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said C4 solder joints are selected from the group of materials consisting of tin/lead (Sn/Pb) and tin/silver copper (Sn/Ag/Cu) alloys.
7. A method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein a dielectric underfill material layer is interposed between said substrate and said semiconductor chip so as to mitigate strains to which said C4 solder joints are subjected.