Treatment Of Tissue Volume With Radiant Energy
Devices and methods for utilizing electromagnetic radiation and other forms of energy to treat a volume of tissue at depth are described. In one aspect, a device modulates the flux incident on surface tissue to control and vary the depth in the tissue at which an effective dose of radiant energy is delivered and, thereby, treat a specific volume of tissue. The methods and devices disclosed are used to perform various treatments, including treatments to prevent and relieve pain and promote healing of tissue.
1 . A method of preventing undesired effects from a treatment event in a subject, comprising:
irradiating a portion of tissue of said subject with EMR having at least a first intensity at a time interval before occurrence of the said treatment event;
waiting a predetermined time interval prior to the treatment event; and
providing the treatment event.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
irradiating a portion of tissue of said subject with EMR having a second intensity at a time interval before occurrence of the said treatment event.
3 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
irradiating a portion of tissue of said subject with EMR at a time interval after occurrence of the said treatment event.
4 . The method of claim 1 , where the said treatment event is a treatment event from the group of treatment events comprising sun exposure, photothermal treatment, photochemical treatment, and radiation therapy.
5 . The method of claim 1 , where the said time interval is between 1 sec. and 48 hours.
6 . A device for treating a volume of tissue, comprising:
a source of EMR configured to transmit EMR to a tissue surface;
a controller electrically connected to said EMR source and configured to provide at least one control signal to said EMR source; and
a feedback sensor configured to provide a feedback signal during operation;
wherein said controller is electrically connected to said feedback sensor mechanism and configured to issue said control signals based on said information obtained from said feedback sensor; and
wherein said EMR source is configured to emit in response control signals a first level of flux and to emit a second level of flux in response to said at least one control signal, said first and second levels of flux corresponding to first and second depths below the surface of the tissue.
7 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said controller includes a modulator in electrical communication with said EMR source to control said first and second levels of flux.
8 . The device of claim 6 , further including a cooling surface for contacting said tissue surface, said cooling surface configured to cool said tissue when in contact with said tissue surface during operation of said device.
9 . The device of claim 6 , further including a window configured to pass EMR.
10 . The device of claim 9 , wherein said window further includes a cooling surface for contacting said tissue surface, said cooling surface configured to cool said tissue when in contact with said tissue surface during operation of said device.
11 . The device of claim 9 , wherein said window has a radiation-passing area greater than approximately 49 cm 2 .
12 . The device of claim 9 , wherein said window is configured to provide a variable radiation-passing area.
13 . The device of claim 6 , further comprising an aperture configured to pass radiation to said tissue.
14 . The device of claim 13 , wherein said aperture has an opening with a diameter greater than approximately 7 cm.
15 . The device of claim 13 , wherein said aperture is configured to have a variable size.
16 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said device is a handheld device.
17 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said device is a consumer product.
18 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said feedback sensor is a temperature sensor.
19 . The device of claim 18 , wherein said temperature sensor is configured to measure the temperature of said tissue being treated during operation.
20 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said feedback sensor is an optical Doppler sensor configured to measure the flow of blood within said tissue being treated.
21 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said EMR source is configured to provide an input flux between approximately 0.1 and 10 watts/cm 2 .
22 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said light source assembly is configured to provide a minimally effective dose of EMR to tissue depths up to approximately 50 mm.
23 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said light source assembly is configured to provide a minimally effective dose of EMR to tissue depths up to 20 mm.
24 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said light source assembly is configured to provide a minimally effective dose of EMR to tissue depths up to 10 mm.
25 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said controller includes a memory device and a processor.
26 . The device of claim 25 , further comprising input sensors, wherein said controller derives treatment parameters using input data from said input sensors.
27 . The device of claim 25 , further comprising at least one feedback sensor in electrical communication with said controller, and wherein said controller is configured to compute at least one treatment parameter based on said sensor data.
28 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said controller includes a lookup table containing information regarding treatment parameters.
29 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said controller is configured to modulate said irradiance of EMR emitted from said source using intermittent pulses.
30 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said light source assembly further includes optical elements configured to provide an adjustable area of EMR that is incident on a surface of said tissue.
31 . The device of claim 6 , wherein said EMR source is configured to emit a third level of flux in response to said at least one control signal, said third level of flux corresponding to a third depth below the surface of the tissue.