Methods of polymer preparation using polycyclic dihydroxy compounds
Disclosed herein is a process for preparing a polymer comprising structural units derived from polycyclic dihydroxy compound having Formula (I), wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a cyano functionality, a nitro functionality, an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, an aliphatic ester functionality having 2 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons and an aromatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons; R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cyano functionality, a nitro functionality, an aliphatic ester functionality having 2 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons and an aromatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons; and each R 3 and R 4 , at each occurrence, can be the same or different and are independently at each occurrence an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons or a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons, “n” is an integer having a value 0 to 4 and “m” is an integer having a value 0 to 4. The process comprises subjecting a polycyclic dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) to polymerization.
1. A process for preparing a polymer, comprising
reacting acetone with a compound of Formula (III) in the presence of a first catalyst to produce dibenzalacetone of Formula (IV)
reacting the dibenzalacetone of Formula (IV) in the presence of a second catalyst with a compound of Formula (V) to produce a compound of Formula (VI)
reacting the compound of Formula (VI) with a compound of Formula (VII) in the presence of an acid catalyst and a promoter to produce a compound of Formula (I),
wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a cyano functionality, a nitro functionality, an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, an aliphatic ester functionality having 2 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons and an aromatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons; R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cyano functionality, a nitro functionality, an aliphatic ester functionality having 2 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons and an aromatic ester functionality having 4 to 10 carbons; and each R 3 and R 4 , at each occurrence, can be the same or different and are independently at each occurrence an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons or a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons; “n” is an integer having a value 0 to 4 and “m” is an integer having a value 0 to 4; and
polymerizing the compound of Formula (I).
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein polymerizing comprises
dissolving or dispersing a polycyclic dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) in an aqueous base,
adding the resulting mixture to a water-immiscible solvent to form an interfacial mixture, and
contacting the interfacial mixture with a carbonate precursor in the presence of a catalyst under controlled pH conditions.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the aqueous base comprises sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the carbonate precursor comprises a carbonyl halide, a haloformate, bishaloformate of a glycol, an ester or mixtures of at least two or more of the foregoing.
5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst comprises triethylamine or a phase transfer catalyst or a combination of triethylamine and a phase transfer catalyst.
6. The process of claim 2 , wherein the water-immiscible solvent comprises methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, toluene or a combination of two or more of the foregoing solvents.
7. The process of claim 2 , wherein pH is maintained at a pH of about 8 to about 10.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymerizing comprises reacting, in a molten state, the polycyclic dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) and a diaryl carbonate ester, in the presence of a transesterification catalyst.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the diaryl carbonate ester comprises a diphenylcarbonate ester, bismethyl salicylate carbonate or a combination of diphenylcarbonate ester and bis methyl salicylate carbonate.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polymerizing comprises
reacting a dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) with a dicarboxylic acid compound of Formula (XVII)
wherein R 8 is independently at each occurrence hydroxy, chloro, or OR 9 , wherein R 9 is independently at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons, and an aromatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbons; and wherein “T” is a divalent functionality derived from a dicarboxylic acid, wherein the divalent functionality comprises a cycloaliphatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic functionality having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic functionality having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polymerizing comprises
reacting a dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) with a carbonate precursor and a dicarboxylic acid compound of Formula (XVII)
wherein R 8 is independently at each occurrence hydroxy, chloro, or OR 9 , wherein R 9 is independently at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons, and an aromatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbons; and wherein “T” is a divalent functionality derived from a dicarboxylic acid, wherein the divalent functionality comprises a cycloaliphatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic functionality having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic functionality having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
12. A process for preparing a polymer, comprising
reacting acetone with benzaldehyde having Formula (VIII) in presence of sodium hydroxide to produce dibenzalacetone having Formula (IX)
reacting the dibenzalacetone having Formula (IX) in presence of sodium methoxide with dimethyl malonate having Formula (X) to produce methyl-2,6-diphenyl-cyclohexane-4-one-1,1 -dicarboxylate having Formula (XI)
reacting methyl-2,6-diphenyl-cyclohexane-4-one-1,1 -dicarboxylate with phenol having Formula (XII) in presence of an acid catalyst and a promoter to produce methyl-4,4′-bis(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-2,6-diphenyl-cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate having Formula (II),
and
polymerizing the compound of Formula (II).
13. The process of claim 12 , wherein polymerizing comprises
dissolving or dispersing a polycyclic dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) in an aqueous base,
adding the resulting mixture to a water-immiscible solvent to form an interfacial mixture, and
contacting the interfacial mixture with a carbonate precursor in the presence of a catalyst under controlled pH conditions.
14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the aqueous base comprises sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
15. The process of claim 13 , wherein the carbonate precursor comprises a carbonyl halide, a haloformate, bishaloformate of a glycol, an ester or mixtures of at least two or more of the foregoing.
16. The process of claim 13 , wherein the catalyst comprises triethylamine or a phase transfer catalyst or a combination of triethylamine and a phase transfer catalyst.
17. The process of claim 13 , wherein the water-immiscible solvent comprises methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, toluene or a combination of two or more of the foregoing solvents.
18. The process of claim 13 , wherein pH is maintained at a pH of about 8 to about 10.
19. The process of claim 12 , wherein the polymerizing comprises reacting, in a molten state, the polycyclic dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) and a diaryl carbonate ester, in the presence of a transesterification catalyst.
20. The process of claim 19 , wherein the diaryl carbonate ester comprises a diphenylcarbonate ester, bismethyl salicylate carbonate or a combination of diphenylcarbonate ester and bis methyl salicylate carbonate.
21. The process of claim 12 , wherein said polymerizing comprises
reacting a dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) with a dicarboxylic acid compound of Formula (XVII)
wherein R 8 is independently at each occurrence hydroxy, chloro, or OR 9 , wherein R 9 is independently at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons, and an aromatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbons; and wherein “T” is a divalent functionality derived from a dicarboxylic acid, wherein the divalent functionality comprises a cycloaliphatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic functionality having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic functionality having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
22. The process of claim 12 , wherein said polymerizing comprises
reacting a dihydroxy compound of Formula (I) with a carbonate precursor and a dicarboxylic acid compound of Formula (XVII)
wherein R 8 is independently at each occurrence hydroxy, chloro, or OR 9 , wherein R 9 is independently at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic functionality having 1 to 10 carbons, a cycloaliphatic functionality having 3 to 10 carbons, and an aromatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbons; and wherein “T” is a divalent functionality derived from a dicarboxylic acid, wherein the divalent functionality comprises a cycloaliphatic functionality having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic functionality having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aliphatic functionality having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.