Methods for producing and purifying 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine monomers and polycarbonates derived therefrom
Disclosed herein is a method comprising reacting a phenolphthalein material and a primary hydrocarbyl amine in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a reaction mixture comprising 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine, wherein the phenolphthalein material comprises greater than or equal to 95 weight percent phenolphthalein, based on the total weight of phenolphthalein material; quenching the reaction mixture and treating the quenched reaction mixture to obtain a first solid. The first solid is then triturated with a trituration solvent and washed to obtain a second solid, wherein the second solid comprises greater than or equal to 97 weight percent 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine, based on the total weight of the second solid. The second solid may be polymerized to form a polycarbonate.
1. A method comprising:
reacting a phenolphthalein material and a primary hydrocarbyl amine in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a reaction mixture comprising 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine, wherein the phenolphthalein material comprises greater than or equal to 95 weight percent phenolphthalein, based on the total weight of phenolphthalein material;
quenching the reaction mixture;
treating the quenched reaction mixture to obtain a first solid;
triturating the first solid with a triturating solvent and washing to obtain a second solid, wherein the second solid comprises greater than or equal to 97 weight percent 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine, based on the total weight of the second solid; and
wherein the 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine has a formula of:
wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, and a hydrocarbyl group, and R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, and a halogen.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein quenching is performed with an acid and forms a slurry comprising a precipitate and treating the quenched reaction mixture comprises:
filtering the slurry to isolate the precipitate; and
washing the precipitate with water to obtain a washed precipitate, wherein the water has a temperature of 25 to 90° C. to obtain the first solid.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the acid used in quenching is aqueous hydrochloric acid.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quenching is performed with aqueous base and forms a biphasic system and treating the quenched reaction mixture comprises:
adding an organic solvent to the biphasic system;
removing the basic layer of the biphasic system after adding the organic solvent;
acidifying the basic layer and forming a first solid; and
isolating the first solid.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the basic layer is treated with an adsorbent prior to acidification.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phenolphthalein material comprises greater than or equal to 97 weight percent phenolphthalein, based on the total weight of the phenolphthalein material.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phenolphthalein material and the primary hydrocarbyl amine are reacted at a temperature of 140° C. to 180° C. for 8 to 50 hours.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, organic sulfonic acids, stannic chloride, aluminum trichloride, zinc dichloride; sulfated zirconia, and combinations of two or more of the foregoing acid catalysts.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is hydrochloric acid.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the triturating solvent is a methanol:water mixture.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary hydrocarbyl amine is aniline.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the second solid comprises 2-phenyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxphenyl)phthalimidine.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second solid comprises greater than or equal to 99 weight percent 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine, based on the total weight of the second solid.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second solid is polymerizable.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second solid comprises less than or equal to 50 parts per million by weight of residual solvent based on the total weight of the second solid.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second solid comprises less than or equal to 1000 parts per million by weight of phenolphthalein based on the total weight of the second solid.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the second solid comprises less than or equal to 500 parts per million by weight of phenolphthalein based on the total weight of the second solid.
18. A method of making a polycarbonate comprising:
reacting a phenolphthalein material and a primary hydrocarbyl amine in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a reaction mixture comprising 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine, wherein the phenolphthalein material comprises greater than or equal to 95 weight percent phenolphthalein, based on the total weight of phenolphthalein material;
quenching the reaction mixture;
treating the quenched mixture to obtain a first solid;
triturating the first solid with a triturating solvent and washing the solid after trituration to obtain a second solid wherein the second solid comprises greater than or equal to 97 weight percent 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine, based on the total weight of the second solid; and wherein the 2-hydrocarbyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyaryl)phthalimidine has a formula of:
wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, and a hydrocarbyl group, and R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, and a halogen; and
polymerizing the third solid to form a polycarbonate.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein polymerizing the second solid comprises interfacial polymerization or melt polymerization.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein quenching is performed with an acid and forms a slurry comprising a precipitate and treating the quenched reaction mixture comprises:
filtering the slurry to isolate the precipitate; and
washing the precipitate with water to obtain a washed precipitate, wherein the water has a temperature of 25 to 90° C. to obtain the first solid.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the acid used in quenching is aqueous hydrochloric acid.
22. The method of claim 18 , wherein the quenching is performed with aqueous base and forms a biphasic system and treating the quenched reaction mixture comprises:
adding an organic solvent to the biphasic system;
removing the basic layer of the biphasic system after adding the organic solvent;
acidifying the basic layer and forming a first solid; and
isolating the first solid.