Toner for electrostatic image development, electrostatic image developer and image forming method using the same

1. A toner for electrostatic image development comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein an existence ratio of an IA Group element, from which hydrogen is excluded, measured by XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) is in a range of about 0.03 to 1.0 atom %, and a total of existence ratios of an IIA Group element, an IIIB Group element and an IVB Group element, from which carbon is excluded, measured by XPS is in a range of about 0.05 to 2.0 atom %, and

wherein a ratio (G′(65)/G′(90)) of a storage modulus G′(65) at 65° and a storage modulus G′(90) at 90° C. at a measurement frequency of 1 (rad/sec) in dynamic viscoelasticity measurement by a sine wave vibration method is in a range of about 1×10 3 to 1×10 5 .

2. The toner for electrostatic image development according to claim 1 , wherein the binder resin is synthesized by a polyaddition reaction or a polycondensation reaction.

3. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein the binder resin comprises a crystalline resin, and the weight average molecular weight of the crystalline resin exceeds about 5,000.

4. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein the binder resin comprises a crystalline resin, and an amount of the crystalline resin is in a range of about 1 to 10% by mass relative to a total amount of the toner particle.

5. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein the binder resin comprises a crystalline resin, and the melting point of the crystalline resin is in the range of about 45 to 110° C.

6. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein the toner further comprises a releasing agent, and an amount of the releasing agent is in the range of about 0.5 to 50% by mass relative to an amount of the toner.

7. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein the toner further comprises a releasing agent, and a ratio of the surface area coverage of the releasing agent exposed on the toner surface with respect to the total surface area of the toner particles is in a range of about 5 to 12 atom %.

8. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein a volume-average particle size distribution index (GSDv) of the toner is about 1.28 or less.

9. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein a number-average particle size distribution index (GSDp) of the toner is about 1.30 or less.

10. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein a volume-average particle size (D50v) of the toner is in a range of about 3 to 7 mm.

11. The toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , wherein an average circularity of the toner is about 0.940 to 0.980.

12. A method for forming the toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 , comprising:

forming in water, an organic solvent or a mixed solvent thereof, colored particles which comprise the binder resin and the colorant; and

washing and drying the colored particles.

13. The method for forming the toner for electrostatic image development of claim 12 , comprising:

preparing a binder resin particle dispersion having the binder resin dispersed therein, a colorant particle dispersion having the colorant dispersed therein, and a releasing agent particle dispersion having a releasing agent dispersed therein;

aggregating the binder resin particles, the colorant particles and the releasing agent particles by stirring and mixing the resin particle dispersion, the colorant particle dispersion and the releasing agent particle dispersion so as to form aggregated particles; and

melt-coalescing the aggregated particles by heating the aggregated particles at a temperature not lower than the glass transition temperature of the binder resin so as to coalesce each of the aggregated particles.

14. An electrostatic image developer comprising:

a carrier; and

the toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 .

15. An image forming method comprising:

forming an electrostatic latent image on a surface of a latent image carrier;

developing the electrostatic latent image with a developer comprising the toner for electrostatic image development of claim 1 to form a toner image;

transferring the toner image onto a recording medium; and

fixing the toner image on the recording medium.

16. The image forming method of claim 15 , wherein a layer constituting the outermost surface of the latent image carrier comprises a siloxane resin having a crosslinked structure or a phenol resin having a crosslinked structure.

17. The image forming method of claim 15 , further comprising:

cleaning the surface of the latent image carrier so as to recover residual toner remaining on the surface of the latent image carrier after the transferring; and

recycling the recovered residual toner by re-utilizing the recovered residual toner as the developer.