Self calibrating fan
View Patent ↗A self-calibrating, continuous variable speed fan for use in cooling electronic circuitry is disclosed. Upon initial power-up, in an environment of known temperature, the self-calibrating fan accommodates for the tolerances of its electronic components by reading a voltage from its thermistor array and comparing the actual value to an expected value for the given temperature. The difference is then stored in the non-volatile memory of a microcontroller for use in adjusting future voltage readings from the thermistor array. During normal operation, adjusted readings from the thermistor array are then converted by the microcontroller into a control signal for driving the motor of a cooling fan. A quickly cycling stochastic process between adjustments to fan motor speed and temperature readings is then established, thereby maintaining a high degree of control over the device to be cooled.
1. An electronic circuit for self-calibrating an electronic cooling fan, comprising:
a temperature-sensing subcircuit for measuring the temperature of a device, region or circuitry to be cooled;
a microcontroller connected to the temperature-sensing subcircuit, for controlling signals within the circuit, adjusting measured voltage values with an offset value, and determining whether operation should proceed in calibration mode or in operation mode; and
a fan, with an electronically controlled motor, connected to the microcontroller, for providing airflow to the subject device, region or circuitry to be cooled,
wherein the microcontroller measures the voltage value across the temperature-sensing subcircuit and computes the offset value as a difference between the measured voltage value and an ideal voltage value during the calibration mode, and adjusts subsequently measured voltage values with the offset value,
wherein the circuit is capable of calibrating itself to account for tolerances in its temperature reading sensitivity by reading temperatures of the subject device, region or circuit to be cooled and then using calibration data in regulating fan-motor speed thereafter.
2. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the microcontroller contains a microcontroller code, a designated memory location for storing an offset value, and at least one of a subroutine, one or more memory locations containing a data table, a microcontroller instruction code line, or other means for mapping fan-motor speed to temperature according to a defined speed-temperature curve.
3. The circuit of claim 2 , wherein upon initial power-up of the circuit, the microcontroller performs a read function of the designed offset memory location and compares the read value to a designated value to determine whether to commence operation in either calibration mode or operation mode.
4. The circuit of claim 2 , wherein upon subsequent power-ups of the circuit, after reading an offset value and comparing the read value to a designated value to determine whether to enter into calibration mode or operation mode, the microcontroller detects whether recommencing calibration mode is indicated, and if so commences calibration mode, and if not commences operation mode.
5. The circuit of claim 4 , wherein the microcontroller detects whether recalibration is otherwise indicated by reading a signal from a user interface, such as one of a switch, a DIP switch, a keyboard, or other equivalent input device.
6. The circuit of claim 2 , wherein the offset value is stored in the designated memory location, wherein subsequent to the calibration mode, the microcontroller commences operation in the operation mode.
7. The circuit of claim 6 , wherein the ideal voltage value is input through at least one of a communications port, a switch, a DIP switch, a probe, a keyboard or other means for manually or automatically inputting a data field into a microcontroller.
8. The circuit of claim 7 , wherein during calibration mode the microcontroller performs the following additional steps:
initializes a calibration counter variable;
increments the calibration counter variable;
repeats the steps of measuring a voltage value, comparing the measured voltage value to an ideal voltage value, computing an offset value, and storing the offset value;
tests whether the calibration counter variable has reached its designated termination value;
computes, when the calibration counter variable has reached its designated termination value, an average offset value, weighted or otherwise, from each of the offset values stored in memory;
stores the average offset value in memory;
terminates calibration mode thereby entering into operation mode; and
uses the average offset value thereafter while in operation mode as the offset value.
9. The circuit of claim 7 , wherein during operation mode, the microcontroller:
measures the voltage across the temperature-sensing subcircuit;
computes an adjusted voltage value by adding or subtracting the offset value stored in the designated memory location from the measured voltage value;
calculates a fan-motor speed by using the adjusted value and at least one of a data table, a subroutine, a microcontroller instruction code line, or other means for mapping fan-motor speed to temperature; and
controls fan-motor speed via a commutation signal established by the calculated fan-motor speed.
10. The circuit of claim 9 , wherein after a given time interval, the microcontroller again measures the voltage across the temperature-sensing subcircuit, computes the adjusted voltage value, calculates a fan-motor speed, and controls fan-motor speed via a commutation signal.
11. The circuit of claim 10 , wherein the given time interval is one of either a fixed or variable time interval.