Flame retardant retroreflective film structure
View Patent ↗Flame retardant and heat resistant retroreflective structures are disclosed. Generally, the retroreflective structure includes a transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film, an array of retroreflective cube-corner elements underlying the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film, a flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive underlying the array of retroreflective cube-corner elements, and a flame retardant woven fabric bonded to the flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive.
1. A retroreflective structure, comprising:
a) a transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film;
b) an array of retroreflective cube-corner elements underlying the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film;
c) a flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive underlying the array of retroreflective cube-corner elements; and
d) a flame retardant woven fabric bonded to the flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive,
wherein the flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive (c) contains at least one flame retardant synergist selected from the group consisting of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, sodium antimonite, zinc borate, and combinations thereof.
2. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film has a Shore A hardness of about 30 to about 45.
3. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film has a thickness of about 0.001 to about 0.022 inches (about 0.025 to about 0.56 mm).
4. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film has a thickness of about 0.006 to about 0.018 inches (about 0.15 to about 0.46 mm).
5. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film includes a fluorescent dye.
6. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the array of retroreflective cube corner elements is coated with a metal.
7. The retroreflective structure of claim 6 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silver, gold, and palladium.
8. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive is selected from the group consisting of silicone adhesives and acrylic adhesives.
9. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive is a crosslinked acrylic adhesive.
10. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive contains at least one additive selected from the group consisting of flame retardant chlorinated additives, flame retardant brominated additives, and combinations thereof.
11. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the flame retardant woven fabric is selected from the group consisting of fiber glass fabrics, flame retardant cotton fabrics, flame retardant modacrylic fabrics, Nomex fabrics, Nomex-Kevlar fabrics, polybenzimidizole fabrics, fabrics which include a corespun composite yarn with a glass fiber core and a sheath of cotton and flame retardant modacrylic fiber, and combinations thereof.
12. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the woven fabric has a weave density of about 40 to about 70 (Warp)×about 25 to about 45 (Fill) threads per inch (per 25.4 mm).
13. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the woven fabric has a weave density of about 55 to about 65 (Warp)×about 30 to about 40 (Fill) threads per inch (per 25.4 mm).
14. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the woven fabric is essentially de-sized of any sizing agents that may have been utilized during weaving.
15. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 wherein the fabric includes a core spun composite yarn with a glass fiber core and a sheath of cotton and flame retardant modacrylic fiber.
16. The retroreflective structure of claim 15 wherein the woven fabric includes about 30 to about 60 weight percent glass fiber.
17. The retroreflective structure of claim 15 wherein the woven fabric includes no more than about 40 weight percent cotton fiber.
18. The retroreflective structure of claim 15 wherein the woven fabric includes about 10 to about 70 weight percent modacrylic fiber.
19. The retroreflective structure of claim 15 wherein the woven fabric includes about 35 to about 45 weight percent glass fiber, about 30 to about 40 weight percent cotton fiber, and about 20 to about 30 weight percent modacrylic fiber.
20. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 further including a polymeric film layer sealed through the array of cube-corner elements to the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film.
21. The retroreflective structure of claim 20 wherein the flame retardant and heat resistant adhesive is bonded to the polymeric film layer and also to the flame retardant woven fabric.
22. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 , further including a layer of printing ink overlying the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film.
23. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 , further including a layer of printing ink underlying the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film.
24. The retroreflective structure of claim 1 , further including a layer of printing ink overlying the array of retroreflective cube-corner elements.
25. A retroreflective structure, comprising:
a) a transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film;
b) an array of retroreflective cube-corner elements underlying the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film;
c) a metallized reflective layer deposited on the retroreflective cube-corner elements;
d) a flame retardant and heat resistant crosslinked acrylic adhesive bonded to the metallized reflective layer; and
e) a flame retardant woven fabric bonded to the acrylic adhesive,
wherein the acrylic adhesive (d) contains at least one flame retardant synergist selected from the group consisting of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, sodium antimonite, zinc borate, and combinations thereof.
26. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film has a Shore A hardness of about 30 to about 45.
27. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film has a thickness of about 0.001 to about 0.022 inches (about 0.025 to about 0.56 mm).
28. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film has a thickness of about 0.006 to about 0.018 inches (about 0.15 to about 0.46 mm).
29. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film includes a fluorescent dye.
30. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the metallized reflective layer includes at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silver, gold, and palladium.
31. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the metallized reflective layer is an aluminum layer.
32. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the acrylic adhesive includes at least one additive selected from the group consisting of flame retardant chlorinated additives, brominated additives, and combinations thereof.
33. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the flame retardant woven fabric is selected from the group consisting of fiber glass fabrics, flame retardant cotton fabrics, flame retardant modacrylic fabrics, Nomex fabrics, Nomex-Kevlar fabrics, polybenzimidizole fabrics, fabrics which include a corespun composite yam with a glass fiber core and a sheath of cotton and flame retardant modacrylic fiber, and combinations thereof.
34. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the flame retardant woven fabric includes a corespun composite yarn with a glass fiber core and a sheath of cotton and flame retardant modacrylic fiber.
35. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the woven fabric has a weave density of about 40 to about 70 (Warp)×about 25 to about 45 (Fill) threads per inch (per 25.4 mm).
36. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 wherein the woven fabric is essentially de-sized of any sizing agents that may have been utilized during weaving.
37. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 , further including a layer of printing ink overlying the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film.
38. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 , further including a layer of printing ink underlying the transparent plasticized polyvinyl chloride film.
39. The retroreflective structure of claim 25 , further including a layer of printing ink overlying the array of retroreflective cube-corner elements.