The present invention provides a composition containing a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof: Formula (1) wherein R and R′ are independently H or C1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; or R is H or C1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl and R′ is R″C═O (an acyl group where R″ is hydrogen, alkyl or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl or an optionally substituted aryl); Y is C 2-4 -alkyleneoxy; T is C 2-4 alkylene; A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine; W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof, or mixtures thereof; x is from 2 to 90; and v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RR′N-T-O—(Y)X-T-NH-A-.
1. A composition comprising a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1), Formula (2), or Formula 2a and salts thereof:
wherein
X-*-*-X represents a polyamine and/or polyimine;
Q is the chain RR′N-T-O—(Y) x -T-NH-A-;
Q 1 represents a polyester and/or polyamide chain of formula R 1 -G-(B) m -;
R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-50 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl;
G is a divalent bond or carbonyl;
B is the residue of one or more amino carboxylic acids, one or more hydroxy carboxylic acids, one or more lactones of hydroxycarboxylic acids, or mixtures thereof;
q and s are positive integers greater than zero;
q in Formula 2 is from 2 to 2000;
q+s in Formula 2a is from 2 to 2000;
R and R′ are independently H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; or R is H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl and R′ is R″C═O (an acyl group);
R″ is hydrogen, alkyl or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl or an optionally substituted aryl;
Y is C 2-4 -alkyleneoxy;
T is C 2-4 alkylene;
A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof;
Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine;
W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof, or mixtures thereof;
x is from 2 to 90; and
v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RR′N-T-O—(Y) x -T-NH-A-, wherein the particulate solid is a pigment.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising a particulate solid, an organic medium and a compound of Formula (1a) and salts thereof:
wherein
R and R′ are independently H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; or R is H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl and R′ is R″C═O (an acyl group);
R″ is hydrogen, alkyl or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl or an optionally substituted aryl;
Y is C 2-4 -alkyleneoxy;
T is C 2-4 alkylene;
A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof;
Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine;
x is from 2 to 90; and
A and A 1 are, independently, the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride which may be the same or different; and
p is from 0 to 200.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein A is the residue independently derived from the group consisting of maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic and phthalic acid, glutaric anhydride, succinic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein A′ is the residue independently derived from the group consisting of maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic and phthalic acid, glutaric anhydride, succinic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the group represented by Z and X-*-*-X is polyethyleneimine.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the organic medium is an organic liquid or a plastics material.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 6 wherein the organic liquid comprises at least 0.1% by weight of a polar organic liquid based on the total organic liquid.
8. A composition comprising a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1), Formula (2), or Formula 2a and salts thereof:
wherein
X-*-*-X represents the polyamine and/or polyimine;
Q is the chain RR′N-T-O—(Y) x -T-NH-A-;
Q 1 represents a polyester and/or polyamide chain of formula R 1 -G-(B) m -;
R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-50 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl;
G is a divalent bond or carbonyl;
B is the residue of one or more amino carboxylic acids, one or more hydroxy carboxylic acids, one or more lactones of hydroxycarboxylic acids, or mixtures thereof;
q and s are positive integers greater than zero;
q in Formula 2 is from 2 to 2000;
q+s in Formula 2a is from 2 to 2000;
R and R′ are independently H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; or R is H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl and R′ is R″C═O (an acyl group);
R″ is hydrogen, alkyl or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl or an optionally substituted aryl;
Y is C 2-4 -alkyleneoxy;
T is C 2-4 alkylene;
A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof;
Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine;
W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof, or mixtures thereof;
x is from 2 to 90; and
v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RR′N-T-O—(Y) x -T-NH-A-, wherein the particle solid is a pigment, and wherein the composition is a paint, an ink, or a mill-base.
9. A composition comprising a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1), Formula (2), or Formula 2a and salts thereof:
wherein
X-*-*-X represents the polyamine and/or polyimine;
Q is the chain RR′N-T-O—(Y) x T-NH-A-;
Q 1 represents a polyester and/or polyamide chain of formula R 1 -G-(B) m -;
R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-50 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl;
G is a divalent bond or carbonyl;
B is the residue of one or more amino carboxylic acids, one or more hydroxy carboxylic acids, one or more lactones of hydroxycarboxylic acids, or mixtures thereof;
q and s are positive integers greater than zero;
q in Formula 2 is from 2 to 2000;
q+s in Formula 2a is from 2 to 2000;
R and R′ are independently H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; or R is H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl and R′ is R″C═O (an acyl group);
R″ is hydrogen, alkyl or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl or an optionally substituted aryl;
Y is C 2-4 -alkyleneoxy;
T is C 2-4 alkylene;
A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof;
Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine;
W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof, or mixtures thereof;
x is from 2 to 90; and
v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RR′N-T-O—(Y) x -T-NH-A-, wherein the particle solid is a pigment, and wherein the organic medium is a plastic material.
10. A composition comprising a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1), Formula (2), or Formula 2a and salts thereof:
wherein
X-*-*-X represents a polyimine;
Q is the chain RR′N-T-O—(Y) x -T-NH-A-;
Q 1 represents a polyester and/or polyamide chain of formula R 1 -G-(B) m -;
R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-50 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl;
G is a divalent bond or carbonyl;
B is the residue of one or more amino carboxylic acids, one or more hydroxy carboxylic acids, one or more lactones of hydroxycarboxylic acids, or mixtures thereof;
q and s are positive integers greeter than zero;
q in Formula 2 is from 2 to 2000;
q+s in Formula 2a is from 2 to 2000;
R and R′ are independently H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; or R is H or C 1-30 -optionally substituted hydrocarbyl and R′ is R″C═O (an acyl group);
R″ is hydrogen, alkyl or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl or an optionally substituted aryl;
Y is C 2-4 -alkyleneoxy;
T is C 2-4 alkylene;
A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof;
Z is the residue of a polyimine;
W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof, or mixtures thereof;
x is from 2 to 90; and
v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RR′N-T-O—(Y) x -T-NH-A-.