Coating system
A curable composition comprising a) an epoxy resin containing on average more than one epoxy group per molecule, and b) as curing agent a hybrid hardener, whereby said hardener is a blend of b1) an aminic compound selected from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic amines, imidazoline group-containing amidoamines based on mono- or polybasic acids, adducts of said amines or amidoamines made from glycidyl compounds, adducts of said amines or amidoamines with cyclic carbonates, whereby said aminic compound contains, on average per molecule, at least two reactive hydrogen atoms bound to nitrogen atoms, and b2) a polyphenol novolac, and wherein the polyphenol novolac is used in an amount of from 30% to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of hardener blend comprising b1) and b2), useful for rapid setting and protective coatings and adhesives in application fields like civil engineering, marine, architectural and maintenance.
1. A curable composition comprising:
a) an epoxy resin containing on average more than one epoxy group per molecule; and
b) as curing agent, a hybrid hardener;
wherein said hybrid hardener is a blend of b1) and b2):
b1) an aminic compound selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, araliphatic amines, imidazoline group-containing amidoamines based on mono- or polybasic acids, adducts of said amines or amidoamines and glycidyl compounds, and adducts of said amines or amidoamines and cyclic carbonates, wherein said aminic compound contains, on average per molecule, at least two reactive hydrogen atoms bound to nitrogen atoms; and
b2) a polyphenol novolac, wherein the polyphenol novolac is present in an amount of from 30% to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the blend of b1) and b2);
wherein the hybrid hardener is a liquid having a viscosity lower than 20,000 mPa·s at a temperature of 20±5° C.; and
wherein the curable composition is a protective coating curable at a temperature of from about −5° C. to about 50° C.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyphenol novolac is present in an amount of from 35% to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the blend of b1) and b2).
3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyphenol novolac is a homopolymer resulting from the condensation of phenolic compounds of formula (I) or (II) with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde or a copolymer of different phenolic compounds of formula (I) and/or (II) with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde:
wherein in formula (I) and (II) R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , independently of one another are H, branched or unbranched alkyl radicals containing 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and R 5 , R 6 independently of each other represent H, CH 3 or CF 3 .
4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyphenol novolac comprises unreacted free phenolic compounds in an amount of no more than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the blend of b1) and b2).
5. The composition according claim 1 , wherein b1) is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, and araliphatic amines.
6. The composition according to claim 5 , wherein b1) is selected from the group consisting of m-xylylenediamine, isophoronediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane, diethylenetriamine, and diaminodicyclohexyl methane.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the cyclic carbonate is selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, 1,2-propylene carbonate and 1,2-butylenecarbonate.
8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein component a) is selected from the group consisting of diglycidylether of bisphenol A, diglycidylether of bisphenol F, polyglycidylether of polyhydric phenol or cresol novolacs, polyglycidylether of polyhydric cycloaliphatic alcohols, and polyglycidylether of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols.
9. The composition according to claim 1 further comprising a reactive diluent, wherein component a) is premixed with the reactive diluent.
10. The composition according to claim 1 further comprising a cyclic carbonate, wherein component a) is premixed with the cyclic carbonate.
11. The composition according to claim 1 further comprising an inorganic additive, an organic additive or combinations thereof, wherein the additives are selected from the group consisting of flow control additives, antifoaming agents, anti-sag agents, pigments, reinforcing agents, fillers, elastomers, stabilizers, extenders, plasticizers, flame retardants, accelerators, colorants, fibrous substances, thixotropic agents, anti-corrosive pigments and solvents.
12. The composition according to claim 11 , wherein the organic additive is salicylic acid.
13. A cured material obtained by curing the composition according to claim 1 .
14. A process for improving the corrosion resistance of a substrate comprising: applying the curable composition according to claim 1 to at least one surface of the substrate; and curing the composition.
15. A hybrid hardener, wherein the hybrid hardener is a blend of b1) and b2):
b1) an aminic compound selected from the group consisting of aliphatic amines, cycloaliphatic amines, araliphatic amines, imidazoline group-containing amidoamines based on mono- or polybasic acids, adducts of said amines or amidoamines and glycidyl compounds, and adducts of said amines or amidoamines and cyclic carbonates, wherein said aminic compound contains, on average per molecule, at least two reactive hydrogen atoms bound to nitrogen atoms; and
b2) a polyphenol novolac, wherein the polyphenol novolac is present in an amount of from 30% to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of b1) and b2);
wherein the hybrid hardener is a liquid having a viscosity lower than 20,000 mPa·s at a temperature of 20±5° C.