Microchip
There is provided a microchip having an introduction portion introducing a liquid, a valve, and an ejection portion ejecting the liquid. The valve connects the introduction portion and the ejection portion, and retains the liquid such that surface tension of the liquid prevents the liquid from being ejected to the ejection portion. The liquid can be ejected from the introduction portion to the ejection portion by applying to the liquid centrifugal force larger than the surface tension of the liquid. Such a microchip according to the present invention has a simple configuration and allows easy control of retaining and flowing of a liquid.
1. A microchip comprising:
an introduction portion introducing a liquid;
an ejection portion ejecting the liquid; and
a valve connecting the introduction portion and the ejection portion with each other and retaining the liquid so that surface tension of the liquid prevents the liquid from ejection into the ejection portion, wherein
said valve has a first channel wall that is a side wail surface of the valve, said first channel wall having at least one opening ejecting said liquid into said ejection portion,
said ejection portion has a second channel wall disposed such that the second channel wall at least partially surrounds the first channel wall and the second channel wall is entirely separate from the first channel wall, and
a channel between said first channel wall and said second channel wall at least partially forms said ejection portion.
2. The microchip according to claim 1 , wherein said opening is so sized as not to eject said liquid into said ejection portion through surface tension.
3. The microchip according to claim 1 , wherein the width of said opening is smaller than the channel width of said channel between said first channel wall and said second channel wall.
4. The microchip according to claim 1 , wherein said channel between said first channel wall and said second channel wall is provided with a partition on a position opposite to at least one said opening.
5. The microchip according to claim 1 , wherein said valve is composed of a plurality of structures, and said liquid is retained on the surfaces of said structures and/or between said structures.
6. The microchip according to claim 1 , wherein said first channel wall of said valve is formed by an annular channel wall, and said liquid is retained in a space enclosed with said first channel wall.
7. The microchip of claim 1 wherein at least respective portions of the first and second walls are substantially concentric.
8. The microchip according to claim 1 wherein:
the first channel wall of the valve has at least two openings, and
the second channel wall is separate from each portion of the first channel wall forming each of the at least two openings.
9. The microchip according to claim 1 wherein the valve is configured such that a Laplace pressure P A through surface tension of the liquid presented in the opening is larger than a Laplace pressure L B through surface tension of the liquid presented in the channel between the first channel wall and the second channel wall, to retain the liquid in the valve when the liquid may be introduced into the opening of the valve through the introduction portion and further reaches the second channel wall of the ejection portion.
10. A method of using the microchip according to claim 1 , comprising:
introducing a liquid into said microchip; and
applying centrifugal force larger than the surface tension of said liquid by rotating the microchip about an axis of rotation for ejecting said liquid from said introduction portion into said ejection portion.