Non-aqueous foam composition for gas lift injection and methods for making and using same
View Patent ↗A hydrocarbon drilling fluid system is disclosed including a hydrocarbon fluid and a foaming composition, where the foaming composition includes a polymer, a gelling agent and its cross-linking agent, an optional foaming agent, or mixtures or combinations thereof. Uses of this drilling fluid system in a variety of downhole application are also disclosed.
1. A method for producing a well comprising the steps of:
injecting an effective amount of a gas lift composition into well fluids in a producing oil and/or gas well or an oil and/or gas well being brought on production, where the effective amount is sufficient to reduce a density of the well fluids to a desired value below a value of the well fluids in the absence of the gas lift composition and increase well fluids production,
where the gas lift composition comprises a lift gas and an retaining effective amount of a gas retention composition, where the gas retention composition comprises a hydrocarbon base fluid and viscosifying agent comprising a polymer, a cross-linkable composition including a gelling agent and a cross-linking agent or mixtures or combinations thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
injecting the gas lift composition at one point or a plurality of points along a length of production tubing extending along a length of the wellbore.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
injecting the gas retention composition at a bottom location in the wellbore and
injecting the lift gas at one point or a plurality of points along a length of production tubing extending along a length of the wellbore.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the retention composition further comprises a gasifying amount of a gasifying gas sufficient to gasify the retention composition, where the retention composition transitions from a liquid to a foam upon a change in pressure with or without a corresponding change in shear, and where the gasifying gas is the same or different from the gas lift gas.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising the step of:
pre-mixing the retention composition with a gasifying amount of a gasifying gas, where the retention composition transitions from a liquid to a foam upon a change in pressure with or without a corresponding change in shear, and where the gasifying gas and the gas lift gas are the same or different.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the retention composition further comprises a foaming agent.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of silicone foaming agents, fluorinated foaming agents, or other hydrocarbon foaming agents and mixtures or combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gelling agent is selected from the group consisting of phosphate esters and mixtures or combinations thereof and its cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of di-, tri or tetra-valent metal salts such as calcium salts, magnesium salts, cerium salts, barium salts, copper salts, cobalt salts, chromium salts, manganese salts, titanium salts, iron salts, zinc salts, zirconium salts, aluminum salts, any other transition metal, actinide metal or lanthanide metal salt capable of acting as a phosphate ester cross-linking agent or mixtures or combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon base fluid is selected from the group consisting of synthetic hydrocarbon fluids, petroleum based hydrocarbon fluids, natural hydrocarbon (non-aqueous) fluids or other similar hydrocarbons or mixtures or combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon base fluid is selected from the group consisting of polyalphaolefins, polybutenes, polyolesters, biodiesels, simple low molecular weight fatty esters of vegetable or vegetable oil fractions, simple esters of alcohols, vegetable oils, animal oils or esters, other essential oil, diesel having a low or high sulfur content, kerosene, jet-fuel, white oils, mineral oils, mineral seal oils, hydrogenated oil, internal olefins (IO) having between about 12 and 20 carbon atoms, linear alpha olefins having between about 14 and 20 carbon atoms, polyalpha olefins having between about 12 and about 20 carbon atoms, isomerized alpha olefins (IAO) having between about 12 and about 20 carbon atoms, Naptha, Linpar, Parafins having between 13 and about 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures or combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises units of one or more polymerizable mono-olefins or di-olefins, which is soluble in and increases the viscosity of the hydrocarbon base fluid.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reduced weight well fluids have a foam height of between about 150 mL and about 700 mL and a half life of between about 2 minutes and about 20 minutes based on 100 mL of the reduced weight well fluids.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lift gas is selected from the group consisting of air, nitrogen, membrane nitrogen, other nitrogen/oxygen gas mixtures, carbon dioxide, an inert gas, methane, ethane, propane, butane, natural gas, production gas, exhaust gas, flue gas and mixtures or combinations thereof.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the inert gas is selected from the group consisting helium, neon, argon, xenon, krypton, or mixture or combinations thereof.
15. The method of claim 4 , wherein the gasifying gas is selected from the group consisting of air, nitrogen, membrane nitrogen, other nitrogen/oxygen gas mixtures, carbon dioxide, an inert gas, methane, ethane, propane, butane, natural gas, production gas, exhaust gas, flue gas and mixtures or combinations thereof.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the inert gas is selected from the group consisting of helium, neon, argon, xenon, krypton, or mixture or combinations thereof.
17. A method comprising the steps of:
pre-mixing a retention composition with a gasifying amount of a gasifying gas to form a gasified retention composition, where the gas retention composition comprises a hydrocarbon base fluid and viscosifying agent comprising a polymer, or a cross-linkable composition including a gelling agent and a cross-linking agent or mixtures or combinations thereof and where the gasified gas retention composition transitions from a liquid to a foam upon a change in pressure with or without a corresponding change in shear, and
injecting an effective amount of a gas lift composition into well fluids in a producing oil and/or gas well or an oil and/or gas well being brought on production, where the effective amount is sufficient to reduce a density of the well fluids to a desired value below a value of the well fluids in the absence of the gas lift composition and increase well fluids production, where the gas lift composition includes a lift gas and the gasified retention composition, and where the gasifying gas and the lift gas are the same or different.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
injecting the gas lift composition at one point or a plurality of points along a length of production tubing extending along a length of the wellbore.
19. The method of claim 17 , further comprising the step of:
injecting the gas retention composition at a bottom location in the wellbore and
injecting the lift gas at one point or a plurality of points along a length of production tubing extending along a length of the wellbore.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the retention composition further comprises a foaming agent.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of silicone foaming agents, fluorinated foaming agents, or other hydrocarbon foaming agents and mixtures or combinations thereof.
22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the gelling agent is selected from the group consisting of phosphate esters and mixtures or combinations thereof and its cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of di-, tri or tetra-valent metal salts such as calcium salts, magnesium salts, cerium salts, barium salts, copper salts, cobalt salts, chromium salts, manganese salts, titanium salts, iron salts, zinc salts, zirconium salts, aluminum salts, any other transition metal, actinide metal or lanthanide metal salt capable of acting as a phosphate ester cross-linking agent or mixtures or combinations thereof.
23. The method of claim 17 , wherein the hydrocarbon base fluid is selected from the group consisting of synthetic hydrocarbon fluids, petroleum based hydrocarbon fluids, natural hydrocarbon (non-aqueous) fluids or other similar hydrocarbons or mixtures or combinations thereof.
24. The method of claim 17 , wherein the hydrocarbon base fluid is selected from the group consisting of polyalphaolefins, polybutenes, polyolesters, biodiesels, simple low molecular weight fatty esters of vegetable or vegetable oil fractions, simple esters of alcohols, vegetable oils, animal oils or esters, other essential oil, diesel having a low or high sulfur content, kerosene, jet-fuel, white oils, mineral oils, mineral seal oils, hydrogenated oil, internal olefin (IO) having between about 12 and 20 carbon atoms, linear alpha olefins having between about 14 and 20 carbon atoms, polyalpha olefins having between about 12 and about 20 carbon atoms, isomerized alpha olefins (IAO) having between about 12 and about 20 carbon atoms, Naptha, Linpar, Parafins having between 13 and about 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures or combinations thereof.
25. The method of claim 17 , wherein the polymer comprises units of one or more polymerizable mono-olefins or di-olefins, which is soluble in and increases the viscosity of the hydrocarbon base fluid.
26. The method of claim 17 , wherein the reduced weight well fluids have a foam height of between about 150 mL and about 700mL and a half life of between about 2 minutes and about 20 minutes based on 100 mL of the reduced weight well fluids.
27. The method of claim 17 , wherein the lift gas or gasifying gas is selected from the group consisting of air, nitrogen, membrane nitrogen, other nitrogen/oxygen gas mixtures, carbon dioxide, an inert gas, methane, ethane, propane, butane, natural gas, production gas, exhaust gas, flue gas and mixtures or combinations thereof.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the inert gas is selected from the group consisting of helium, neon, argon, xenon, krypton, or mixture or combinations thereof.