Root canal filling materials and methods
In various embodiments of a method for filling root canal spaces, the root canal spaces are cleaned and irrigated, for example, by any suitable endodontic procedure, and the irrigating liquid is not removed from the canal spaces prior to filling. In some embodiments, a hydrophobic filler material is introduced into the root canal spaces while they are filled with liquid. As the canal spaces are filled, the hydrophobic filler material displaces the liquid and drives it out of the canal spaces, towards the crown of the tooth, where it can be removed. The hydrophobic filler material may comprise magnetically responsive particles having a hydrophobic surface coating that are compacted into the root canal spaces by application of a magnetic force field. In other embodiments, hydrophilic filler material in a flowable phase is introduced into the canal spaces where it partly displaces and partly absorbs the irrigating liquid before solidifying.
1. A system for filling a root canal space of a tooth, the system comprising:
a filling material comprising a plurality of particles responsive to a non-contacting force field, said filling material configured to at least partially fill a root canal space of a tooth; and
a manipulator configured to produce the non-contacting force field and to manipulate the filling material without physically contacting the filling material during filling of the root canal space of the tooth, the non-contacting force field comprising a magnetic field, the manipulator configured to be positionable near the tooth and to provide a sufficient non-contacting force to compact at least some of the filling material toward an apex in the root canal space.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the manipulator comprises one or more magnets or electromagnets.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles comprises particles having a ferromagnetic core substantially surrounded with a hydrophobic coating.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the hydrophobic coating comprises polyorganosiloxanes, polyorganosilanes, or a mixture thereof.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the manipulator is configured to be handheld.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the manipulator is configured to be mounted to the tooth, a jaw, or the head of a patient.
7. A method for filling a root canal space of a tooth, comprising:
filling a portion of a root canal space of a tooth with a filling material responsive to a non-contacting force field;
positioning a manipulator near a root of the tooth, the manipulator configured to provide the non-contacting force field through dentinal tissue in the root of the tooth without being in physical contact with the filling material during application of the non-contacting force field; and
applying the non-contacting force field to the filling material with the manipulator to move at least some of the filling material in the root canal space.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the non-contacting force field comprises a magnetic field and the filling material magnetically interacts with the magnetic field.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein applying the non-contacting force field comprises:
moving the manipulator along the root of the tooth toward an apex of the tooth to urge at least some of the filling material toward the apex.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein applying the non-contacting force field further comprises using the non-contacting force field of the manipulator to compact the filling material in the root canal space.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the manipulator is configured to be handheld.
12. A method for filling a root canal space of a tooth, comprising:
filling a portion of the root canal space of the tooth with a filling material responsive to a non-contacting force field, said filling the portion of the root canal space comprising:
filling at least a first portion of the root canal space with a first filling material comprising a first plurality of particles responsive to the non-contacting force field, the first plurality of particles having a first size; and
filling at least a second portion of the root canal space with a second filling material comprising a second plurality of particles responsive to the non-contacting force field, the second plurality of particles having a second size, the second size smaller than the first size;
positioning a manipulator near the tooth, the manipulator configured to provide the non-contacting force field without being in physical contact with the filling material during application of the non-contacting force field; and
applying the non-contacting force field to the filling material with the manipulator.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first portion of the root canal space is proximate an apex of the tooth.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the second portion of the root canal space comprises substantially the remainder of the root canal space.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first size is selected to be larger than an apical opening of the tooth.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first size is in a range from about 35 microns to about 200 microns and the second size is in a range from about 2 microns to about 30 microns.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first plurality of particles comprises particles having a ferromagnetic core substantially surrounded with a hydrophobic coating, the non-contacting force field comprises a magnetic field, and applying the non-contacting force field comprises urging at least a portion of the first plurality of particles toward an apex of the tooth with the magnetic field to form a plug adjacent the apex of the tooth.