Viscosity breaker for polyacrylamide friction reducers
View Patent ↗A well treating fluid useful in slickwater fracturing processes contains polyacrylamide friction reducer and a viscosity breaker capable of reducing the viscosity of the well treating fluid to about the viscosity of water at ambient temperatures of typical underground formations. The viscosity breaker is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, and zinc peroxide and is present in an amount above about 0.002% by weight.
1. A method of slickwater fracturing an underground formation comprising:
providing a well treating fluid comprising water;
adding a polyacrylamide friction reducer in an amount of from about 0.005% to about 0.04% by weight;
adding a viscosity breaker selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, and zinc peroxide in an amount above about 0.002% by weight;
injecting the well treating fluid into an underground formation at a pressure sufficient to fracture the underground formation; and
allowing the viscosity breaker to reduce the viscosity of the well treating fluid to about that of water over a period of time.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the viscosity breaker reduces the viscosity of the well treating fluid to about that of water within about 18 hours.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the viscosity of the well treating fluid is reduced to about 0.79 centipoise at about 90° F.
4. The method of claim 1 that does not include the step of raising the temperature of the formation.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the polyacrylamide is added to the well treating fluid by adding a polyacrylamide emulsion.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the viscosity breaker is hydrogen peroxide.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the water is fresh water.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the water is salt water containing less than about 10% salt content.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising adding to the well treating fluid other additives selected from the group consisting of surfactants, scale inhibitors, microbiocides, and mixtures thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the well treating fluid has an initial viscosity below about 5 centipoise at a temperature of about 90° F.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the viscosity breaker is present in an amount of from about 0.002% to about 0.02% by weight;
the well treating fluid has an initial viscosity from about 0.8 to about 5 centipoise at a temperature of about 90° F.; and
the viscosity breaker reduces the viscosity of the well treating fluid to about 0.79 centipoise at about 90° F. within about 18 hours.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the viscosity breaker is an encapsulated peroxide selected from the group consisting of calcium peroxide, magnesium peroxide and zinc peroxide.