Articles having a polymer grafted cyclodextrin
Durable and disposable articles are provided which include a thermoplastic polymer composition, which includes a blend of a polymer and a modified polymer. The modified polymer has covalently bonded pendant substituents derived from cyclodextrin. The articles can be a films, coatings, nonwoven webs, or monolithic articles. An article can have the polymer composition as one part of the article, such as in one distinct area of the article, or on the surface of the article, for example as a coating or surface film. The article can be, for example, a multilayer barrier film, a nonwoven sheet or pad, an absorbent article, or a storage container.
1. An article comprising a thermoplastic polymer fiber comprising an acid anhydride modified polyolefin resin, the acid anhydride modified polyolefin resin comprising at least one pendant substituent derived from a cyclodextrin, wherein the cyclodextrin is bonded to the polyolefin resin by the reaction product of cyclodextrin with the acid anhydride, wherein the cyclodextrin is substantially free of a compound in its central pore, the fiber having a fiber diameter of 10 nm to 2000 nm.
2. The article of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber comprises a woven web.
3. The article of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber comprises a nonwoven web.
4. The article of claim 3 wherein the nonwoven web comprises a meltblown web, an electrospun web, a flash spun web, or a spunbond web.
5. The article of claim 3 wherein the nonwoven web is in the shape of a sheet or fabric, the sheet or fabric having a thickness of about 0.01 millimeter to 1 millimeter.
6. The article of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber comprises a bicomponent fiber.
7. The article of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber further comprises an unmodified thermoplastic resin comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, poly(α-octene), a polyester, a polyamide, a polyurethane, a polyurea, a polycarbonate, a polyether, a polyketone, poly(vinyl chloride), a fluoropolymer, or a blend or copolymer thereof.
8. The article of claim 1 wherein the resin comprises a poly(ethylene-co-propylene), a poly(ethylene-co-methyl-acrylate), a poly(ethylene-co-ethyl-acrylate), a low-density polyethylene, a linear low-density polyethylene, or a high density polyethylene.
9. The article of claim 1 wherein the modified polyolefin resin is derived from a polyolefin having a melt index of 0.7 to 1500 g-10 min −1 .
10. The article of claim 1 wherein the modified polyolefin resin is derived from a polyolefin having a melt index of 1 to 1,200 g-10 min −1 .
11. The article of claim 1 comprising 0.1 to 10 weight percent of the thermoplastic polymer fiber based on the weight of the article.
12. The article of claim 1 comprising 0.1 to 8 weight percent of the thermoplastic polymer fiber based on the weight of the article.
13. The article of claim 1 wherein the modified polyolefin comprises polyethylene or polypropylene and the acid anhydride is maleic anhydride.
14. The article of claim 13 wherein the polyethylene comprises about 0.2 to 2.5 weight percent maleic anhydride groups.
15. The article of claim 1 wherein the modified polyolefin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, or a copolymer of ethylene and propylene.
16. The article of claim 1 wherein the cyclodextrin is β-cyclodextrin.
17. The article of claim 1 wherein the polymer fiber comprises about 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin comprising a polyolefin, about 0.50 to 25 parts by weight of the modified polyolefin, the thermoplastic resin has a melt index of about 0.5 to 1500 g-10 min −1 , and the modified polyolefin is derived from a polyolefin having a melt index of about 0.7 to 1,200 g-10 min −1 .
18. The article of claim 1 wherein the article is disposable.
19. The article of claim 1 wherein the article comprises a dusk mask or a surgical mask.
20. The article of claim 1 wherein the article is a wipe.
21. The article of claim 1 wherein the article is a tissue.
22. The article of claim 1 wherein the article is a garment comprising a medical drape, a medical gown, a garment accessory, a chemically resistant garment, or a protective work garment.
23. The article of claim 1 wherein the article comprises a meat tray pad, bedding, carpet backing, a storage container, a towel, a mat, a packing liner, a footwear liner, a refuse container liner; a refuse lid liner, a furniture liner, or an animal cage liner.
24. The article of claim 1 comprising one or more additional layers.
25. The article of claim 24 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber is used as a scavenger layer or a barrier layer.
26. The article of claim 24 wherein the at least one of the one or more additional layers is an absorbent layer.
27. The article of claim 26 wherein the article is a diaper, an incontinent under garment, a feminine sanitary napkin, a feminine sanitary tampon, an underarm shield, a bandage, or a wound dressing.
28. The article of claim 1 wherein the article comprises a filter.
29. The article of claim 28 wherein the filter comprises a gas filter or a liquid filter.
30. The article of claim 29 wherein the gas is air and the filter comprises a furnace filter or a vacuum cleaner filter.
31. The article of claim 29 wherein the liquid comprises gasoline, diesel fuel, motor oil, machine oil, a bodily fluid, or water.
32. An article comprising a thermoplastic polymer fiber comprising an acid anhydride modified polyolefin resin, the acid anhydride modified polyolefin resin comprising at least one pendant substituent derived from a cyclodextrin, wherein the cyclodextrin is bonded to the polyolefin resin by the reaction product of cyclodextrin with the acid anhydride, wherein the cyclodextrin is substantially free of a compound in its central pore, the fiber having a fiber diameter of 500 nm to 10 μm.
33. The article of claim 32 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber comprises a woven web.
34. The article of claim 32 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber comprises a nonwoven web.
35. The article of claim 34 wherein the nonwoven web comprises a meltblown web, an electrospun web, a flash spun web, or a spunbond web.
36. The article of claim 34 wherein the nonwoven web is in the shape of a sheet or fabric, the sheet or fabric having a thickness of about 0.01 millimeter to 1 millimeter.
37. The article of claim 32 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber comprises a bicomponent fiber.
38. The article of claim 32 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber further comprises an unmodified thermoplastic resin comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, poly(α-octene), a polyester, a polyamide, a polyurethane, a polyurea, a polycarbonate, a polyether, a polyketone, poly(vinyl chloride), a fluoropolymer, or a blend or copolymer thereof.
39. The article of claim 32 wherein the resin comprises a poly(ethylene-co-propylene), a poly(ethylene-co-methyl-acrylate), a poly(ethylene-co-ethyl-acrylate), a low-density polyethylene, a linear low-density polyethylene, or a high density polyethylene.
40. The article of claim 32 wherein the modified polyolefin resin is derived from a polyolefin having a melt index of 0.7 to 1500 g-10 min −1 .
41. The article of claim 32 wherein the modified polyolefin resin is derived from a polyolefin having a melt index of 1 to 1,200 g-10 min −1 .
42. The article of claim 32 comprising 0.1 to 10 weight percent of the thermoplastic polymer fiber based on the weight of the article.
43. The article of claim 32 comprising 0.1 to 8 weight percent of the thermoplastic polymer fiber based on the weight of the article.
44. The article of claim 32 wherein the modified polyolefin comprises polyethylene or polypropylene and the acid anhydride is maleic anhydride.
45. The article of claim 44 wherein the polyethylene comprises about 0.2 to 2.5 weight percent maleic anhydride groups.
46. The article of claim 32 wherein the modified polyolefin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, or a copolymer of ethylene and propylene.
47. The article of claim 32 wherein the cyclodextrin is β-cyclodextrin.
48. The article of claim 32 wherein the polymer fiber comprises about 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin comprising a polyolefin, about 0.50 to 25 parts by weight of the modified polyolefin, the thermoplastic resin has a melt index of about 0.5 to 1500 g-10 min −1 , and the modified polyolefin is derived from a polyolefin having a melt index of about 0.7 to 1,200 g-10 min −1 .
49. The article of claim 32 wherein the article is disposable.
50. The article of claim 32 wherein the article comprises a dusk mask or a surgical mask.
51. The article of claim 32 wherein the article is a wipe.
52. The article of claim 32 wherein the article is a tissue.
53. The article of claim 32 wherein the article is a garment comprising a medical drape, a medical gown, a garment accessory, a chemically resistant garment, or a protective work garment.
54. The article of claim 32 wherein the article comprises a meat tray pad, bedding, carpet backing, a storage container, a towel, a mat, a packing liner, a footwear liner, a refuse container liner; a refuse lid liner, a furniture liner, or an animal cage liner.
55. The article of claim 32 comprising one or more additional layers.
56. The article of claim 55 wherein the thermoplastic polymer fiber is used as a scavenger layer or a barrier layer.
57. The article of claim 55 wherein the at least one of the one or more additional layers is an absorbent layer.
58. The article of claim 57 wherein the article is a diaper, an incontinent under garment, a feminine sanitary napkin, a feminine sanitary tampon, an underarm shield, a bandage, or a wound dressing.
59. The article of claim 32 wherein the article comprises a filter.
60. The article of claim 59 wherein the filter comprises a gas filter or a liquid filter.
61. The article of claim 60 wherein the gas is air and the filter comprises a furnace filter or a vacuum cleaner filter.
62. The article of claim 60 wherein the liquid comprises gasoline, diesel fuel, motor oil, machine oil, a bodily fluid, or water.