Compositions Comprising Antihistamines or Mast Cell Stabilizers, and Methods of Making and Using Same
Compositions comprise: (a) a material selected from the group consisting of antihistamines, stabilizers, salts thereof, and combinations thereof; and (b) a vasoconstrictor, decongestant, or a salt thereof, provided when the material consists of an antihistamine or a salt thereof, at least one antihistamine other than ketotifen and salts thereof is present. In certain embodiments, the compositions have a pH maintainable at about 5 or less during storage. The compositions can be used to treat, alleviate or ameliorate ocular allergic conditions.
1 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) a material selected from the group consisting of mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, salts thereof, and combinations thereof; and (b) a vasoconstrictor or a salt thereof; provided when said material consists of an antihistamine and salts thereof, at least one antihistamine other than ketotifen or a salt thereof is present.
2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has an initial pH of equal to or less than about 5.
3 . The composition of claim 2 , wherein said pH is in a range from about 4.3 to 5.
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein said antihistamine is selected from the group consisting of mepyramine, antazoline, diphenhydramine, carbinoxamine, doxylamine, clemastine, dimenhydrinate, pheniramine, chlorphenamine, dexchlorphenamine, brompheniramine, triprolidine, cyclizine, chlorcyclizine, hydroxyzine, meclizine, promethazine, alimemazine (trimeprazine), cyproheptadine, azatidine, acrivastine, astemizole, cetirizine, loratadine, mizolastine, azelastine, levocabastine, olopatadine, levocetirizine, desloratadine, fexofenadine, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein said antihistamine is selected from the group consisting of acrivastine, astemizole, cetirizine, loratadine, mizolastine, azelastine, levocabastine, olopatadine, levocetirizine, desloratadine, fexofenadine, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein said antihistamine comprises olopatadine or a salt thereof.
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein said mast cell stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of Cromolyn (Cromoglycate), Nedocromil, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein said vasoconstrictor is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrozoline, ephedrine, oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, tramazoline, xylometazoline, naphazoline, salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
9 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) olopatadine or a salt thereof in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 0.5% (w/v); and (b) naphazoline or a salt thereof in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 0.5% (w/v).
10 . The composition of claim 9 , further comprising ketotifen or a salt thereof in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 0.5% (w/v).
11 . The composition of claim 9 , wherein said olopatadine or salt thereof is present in a concentration in a range from about 0.01 to about 0.3% (w/v).
12 . The composition of claim 10 , wherein said ketotifen or a salt thereof in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 0.05% (w/v).
13 . The composition of claim 9 , wherein said composition has an initial pH in a range from about 4.3 to about 5.
14 . The composition of claim 10 , wherein said composition has an initial pH in a range from about 4.3 to about 5.
15 . The composition of claim 2 , wherein no more than about 10% of the mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, or salts thereof is degraded at 40° C. and 20% RH for at least 10 days.
16 . The composition of claim 2 , further comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of tonicity-adjusting agents, preservatives, viscosity-modifying agents, and combinations thereof.
17 . The composition of claim 16 , wherein said tonicity-adjusting agent comprises urea, glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, propylene glycol, lactose, dextrose, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, or a combinations thereof.
18 . The composition of claim 17 , wherein the composition has an osmolality in a range from about 200 to about 700 mOsm/kg.
19 . A method of preparing a pharmaceutical composition, the method comprising: (a) admixing a plurality of ingredients comprising: (1) a material selected from the group consisting of mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, salts thereof, and combinations thereof; (2) a vasoconstrictor or a salt thereof; and (3) a carrier to form a mixture; and (b) adjusting a pH of said mixture to less than or equal to 5 with a pH adjusting material, thereby producing the composition; provided when said material consists of an antihistamine or a salt thereof, at least one antihistamine other than ketotifen or a salt thereof is present.
20 . A method for treating, ameliorating, or reducing a severity of allergic conjunctivitis or symptoms thereof, the method comprising topically administering a sufficient amount of a pharmaceutical composition to an affected eye of a subject; wherein said composition comprises: (a) a material selected from the group consisting of mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, salts thereof, and combinations thereof; and (b) a vasoconstrictor or a salt thereof; provided when said material consists of an antihistamine or a salt thereof, at least one antihistamine other than ketotifen or a salt thereof is present.
21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein said material comprises olopatadine or a salt thereof in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 0.5% (w/v).
22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein said material further comprises ketotifen or a salt thereof in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 0.05% (w/v).
23 . The method of claim 21 , wherein said vasoconstrictor comprises naphazoline or a salt thereof.
24 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the composition is administered by applying to the ocular surface in the form of eye drops, in one or more drops once per day, twice per day, or three or more times per day.