A metal gasket formed from a suitable iron-nickel chromium alloy includes at least one embossment that exhibits essentially full functional recovery at temperatures exceeding 1000° F. and including in the range of 1100° F. to 1600° F. or more and which is made from sheet material that is work hardened and strengthened by cold rolling, or a combination of cold rolling and precipitation hardening, without any post embossment heat treating that would act to further harden the material. Suitable iron-nickel-chromium alloys include those comprising, by weight, greater than 18% nickel; greater than 14% chrome and 0.1-10% of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Ti, V, Al, Co, Nb, Ta and Cu, with the balance being substantially Fe, wherein the gasket sheet alloy has a deformed microstructure.
1. A metal gasket, comprising:
a gasket sheet having at least one embossed sealing bead made from an alloy comprising, by weight: 18-28% Ni; 18-23% Cr; up to 8% Mo; up to 1.5% Cu; up to 1% Si; up to 3% Mn; up to 0.6% Ti; up to 0.6% Al; up to 0.08% C; up to 0.015% S; up to 0.03% P; up to 0.4% N; and the balance substantially Fe, said sealing bead of said gasket sheet having a residual cold-worked microstructure as embossed.
2. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein said cold-worked microstructure has a degree of deformation that varies as a function of a percentage of cold reduction.
3. The gasket of claim 2 , wherein said percentage of cold reduction ranges from 10-70%.
4. The gasket of claim 3 , wherein said percentage of cold reduction ranges from 30-40%.
5. The gasket of claim 2 , wherein said cold-worked microstructure further comprises a deformed and precipitation hardened microstructure, wherein said deformed and precipitation hardened microstructure has a hardness which is greater than a hardness of said cold-worked microstructure.
6. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein said alloy comprises, by weight: 18-22% Ni; 18-22% Cr; up to 0.75% Cu; up to 1% Si; up to 1% Mn; up to 0.06% Ti; up to 0.6% Al; up to 0.08% C; up to 0.015% S; and the balance substantially Fe.
7. The gasket of claim 1 , wherein said alloy comprises, by weight: 26-28% Ni; 20.5-23% Cr; 6.5-8% Mo; 0.5-1.5% Cu; up to 0.05% Si; up to 3% Mn; 0-0.020% C; up to 0.01% S; up to 0.03% P; 0.3-0.4% N; and the balance substantially Fe.
8. A metal gasket comprising: a gasket sheet having at least one embossed sealing bead made from an alloy comprising, by weight wherein said alloy comprises, by weight: 24-27% Ni; 13.5-16% Cr; 1-1.5% Mo; up to 1% Si; up to 2% Mn; 1.90-2.30% Ti; up to 0.35% Al; 0.1-0.5% V; 0.003-0.01% B; 0-0.08% C; and the balance substantially Fe, said sealing bead of said gasket sheet having a residual cold-worked microstructure as embossed.
9. A metal gasket, comprising:
a gasket sheet having at least one embossed sealing bead made from an iron-nickel-chromium alloy, said embossed sealing bead being sealably operable with substantially full functional recovery in a fully-clamped, sealed joint at a temperature of greater than 1100° F. and up to 1200° F., said sealing bead having a residual as-embossed cold-workedmicrostructure wherein said iron- nickel-chromium alloy comprises, by weight: 18-28% Ni; 18-23% Cr; up to 8% Mo; up to 1.5% Cu; up to 1% Si; up to 3% Mn; up to 0.6% Ti; up to 0.6% Al; up to 0.08% C; up to 0.015% S; up to 0.03% P; up to 0.4% N; and the balance substantially Fe.
10. The metal gasket of claim 9 , further comprising a heat resistant coating.
11. The metal gasket of claim 10 , wherein said heat resistant coating comprises:
chemically exfoliated vermiculite wherein at least 90 weight percent of the vermiculite has a thickness of less than or equal to 30 microns and no dimension is greater than 1 millimeter;
a high temperature organic resin that is heat resistant to at least 300 degrees Celsius;
a supplementary inorganic resin; and
a flaky filler.