Dialysis cassette having multiple outlet valve

1. A disposable pumping cassette comprising:

a pump chamber;

a first flow path leading from the pump chamber to an outlet of a first valve chamber;

a second flow path leading from an inlet of the first valve chamber to a first outlet of a second valve chamber;

the second valve chamber further including an inlet and a second outlet;

a flexible sheet positioned to selectively open and close the outlet of the first valve chamber and the second outlet of the second valve chamber; and

a third fluid flow path extending from the second outlet of the second valve chamber, the third fluid flow path including at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of: (i) leading to a third valve chamber; and (ii) being positioned at an angle of at least about forty-five degrees with respect to at least one of the first and second fluid flow paths.

2. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 1 , which includes a base wall, and wherein at least one of the inlets of the first valve chamber, the inlet of the second valve chamber, and the first outlet of the second valve chamber includes an aperture in the base wall.

3. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first outlet of the first valve chamber and the second outlet of the second valve chamber includes a port raised from the base wall.

4. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 3 , wherein the port is raised on a first side of the base wall, at least one of the first and second flow paths residing on a second side of the base wall.

5. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first and second valve chambers includes valve chamber walls extending from the base wall.

6. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 5 , the flexible membrane sealed to at least one of the valve chamber wall and an outer wall connected to the base wall.

7. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first and second flow paths includes path forming walls extending from the base wall.

8. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 7 , the flexible sheet a first flexible sheet, and including a second flexible sheet sealed to the at least one path forming wall or to an outer wall connected to the base wall.

9. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 1 , wherein the pump chamber, the first flowpath, the second flow path, the first valve chamber and the second valve chamber are formed as a rigid piece.

10. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 1 , the third valve chamber including at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of: (i) including first and second outlets and (ii) being in fluid communication with the pump chamber.

11. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 1 , which includes a fourth fluid flow path extending from the inlet of the second valve chamber.

12. A disposable pumping cassette comprising:

a first valve chamber including an inlet and first and second outlets;

a second valve chamber including an inlet and an outlet, the second valve chamber openable to allow dialysis fluid to flow through one of the first and second outlets of the first valve chamber, through the outlet of the second valve chamber; and

wherein the second valve chamber is closeable to allow the dialysis fluid to flow through one of the first and second outlets of the first valve chamber to a third valve chamber.

13. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 12 , wherein the outlet of the second valve chamber is closeable to allow the dialysis fluid to be diverted from one of the first and second outlets of the first valve chamber, away from the second valve chamber.

14. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 12 , wherein an outlet of the second valve chamber is openable to allow dialysis fluid to flow through one of the first and second outlets of the first valve chamber, through the outlet of the second valve chamber.

15. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 12 , wherein one of the first and second outlets of the first valve chamber is openable and closeable, while the other of the first and second outlets is not.

16. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 12 , which includes a flexible sheet configured to open and close one of the first and second outlets of the first valve chamber and the outlet of the second valve chamber.

17. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 12 , which includes a pump chamber in operable communication with at least one of the first and second valve chambers.

18. The disposable pumping cassette of claim 12 , operable with a dialysis instrument, the instrument and cassette configurable such that any of the inlets and outlets of either the first and second valve chambers is operated interchangeably as a valve inlet or a valve outlet.

19. A disposable pumping cassette comprising:

a pump chamber;

a first flow path leading from the pump chamber to an outlet of a first valve chamber;

a second flow path leading from an inlet of the first valve chamber to a first outlet of a second valve chamber;

the second valve chamber further including an inlet and a second outlet;

a flexible sheet positioned to selectively open and close the outlet of the first valve chamber and the second outlet of the second valve chamber; and

a third fluid flow path extending from the second outlet of the second pump valve chamber, the third fluid flow path leading to a third valve chamber.

20. A disposable pumping cassette comprising:

a pump chamber;

a first flow path leading from the pump chamber to an outlet of a first valve chamber;

a second flow path leading from an inlet of the first valve chamber to a first outlet of a second valve chamber;

the second valve chamber further including an inlet and a second outlet;

a flexible sheet positioned to selectively open and close the outlet of the first valve chamber and the second outlet of the second valve chamber; and

a third fluid flow path extending from the inlet of the second valve chamber.