Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Secondary Battery and Method for Producing Negative Electrode Therefor
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention includes a pelletized negative electrode. An active material for the negative electrode includes a first phase mainly composed of Si and a second phase containing a silicide of a transition metal. At least one of the first and second phases is amorphous or low-crystalline. The mean particle size (D50) is 0.50 to 20 μm, and the 10% diameter (D10) and 90% diameter (D90) in a volume cumulative particle size distribution are respectively 0.10 to 5.0 μm and 5.0 to 80 μm. The battery is improved in density and current collecting properties of the negative electrode, has a high capacity, and has an excellent cycle life.
1 . A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising:
a negative electrode composed of a molded pellet comprising a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent and a binder;
a positive electrode capable of absorbing and releasing lithium ions; and
a lithium ion conductive non-aqueous electrolyte,
wherein the negative electrode active material includes a first phase mainly composed of Si and a second phase comprising a silicide of a transition metal;
at least one of the first phase and the second phase is amorphous or low-crystaline;
the mean particle size (D50) of the negative electrode active material is 0.50 to 20 μm; and
the 10% diameter (D10) and 90% diameter (D90) in a volume cumulative particle size distribution thereof are 0.10 to 5.0 μm and 5.0 to 80 μm, respectively.
2 . The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the transition metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Ni, Cu and Fe.
3 . The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 2 , wherein the silicide of the transition metal is TiSi 2 .
4 . The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 3 , wherein the negative electrode pellet has a density of 1.6 to 2.4 g/cc.
5 . A method for producing a negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the method comprising the steps of:
subjecting a mixture of a Si powder and a transition metal powder to mechanical alloying to produce a negative electrode active material containing a first phase mainly composed of Si and a second phase comprising a silicide of a transition metal, at least one of the first phase and second phase being amorphous or low-crystaline;
wet-grinding the negative electrode active material using balls as a medium so that the mean particle size (D50) thereof is 0.50 to 20 μm, and the 10% diameter (D10) and 90% diameter (D90) in a volume cumulative particle size distribution thereof are 0.10 to 5.0 μm and 5.0 to 80 μ, respectively; and
molding the negative electrode material comprising the ground negative electrode active material, a conductive agent and a binder under pressure to provide a negative electrode pellet.
6 . The method for producing a negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 5 , wherein a dispersion medium used for the step of wet-grinding is an aprotic solvent.
7 . The method for producing a negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 5 , wherein a dispersion medium used for the step of wet-grinding is a protic solvent, and an open grinder is used.
8 . The method for producing a negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to any of claims 5 to 7 , wherein the conductive agent is a carbonaceous material and the whole or part thereof, is ground with the negative electrode active material in the step of wet-grinding.