Dental tape and process for its manufacturing
Dental floss products are provided which include a unitary tape of ultra-high molar mass polyethylene having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 5 dl/g, as measured in decalin at 135° C., the tape having a thickness of about 0.02-0.1 mm and a width of about 0.25-6 mm, and a tensile strength of at least 1.8 GPa. The dental floss products have very high mechanical, especially tensile strength, and show high resistance to tearing and has a low coefficient of friction. The tape can be inserted between teeth tightly together without breaking. A further advantage of the dental tape products is that most of the initial strength during flossing is retained, even if the tape separates into filaments. Processes for making a unitary tape suitable for use in a dental floss product are also provided.
1. A dental floss product comprising a unitary tape of ultra-high molar mass polyethylene having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 5 dl/g, as measured in decalin at 135° C., the tape having a thickness of about 0.02-0.1 mm and a width of about 0.25-6 mm, wherein the tape has a tensile strength of at least 1.8 GPa, and wherein the unitary tape consists of a multi-filament yarn with adjacent filaments of the yarn being at least partially melt-fused one to another.
2. The dental floss product according to claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene is linear and has an intrinsic viscosity of between 7 and 35 dl/g.
3. The dental floss product according to claim 1 , wherein the tape has a tensile strength of at least 2.0 GPa.
4. The dental floss product according to claim 1 , wherein the tape is non-fibrillating during use.
5. The dental floss product according to claim 1 , wherein the tape shows fibrillation during use.
6. The dental floss product according to claim 5 , wherein the tape retains at least 75% of its initial strength after fibrillation.
7. The dental floss product according to claim 1 , wherein the tape shows grooves on its surface.
8. A process of making a unitary dental floss tape, having a thickness of about 0.02-0.1 mm, a width of about 0.25-6 mm and a predetermined degree of fibrillation during use, which process comprises;
exposing an ultra-high molar mass polyethylene multi-filament strand precursor to a temperature within the melting point range of the polyethylene for a time sufficient to at least partly fuse adjacent filaments while simultaneously stretching the precursor, and
varying the temperature and time of exposure of the ultra-high molar mass polyethylene multi-filament strand precursor to achieve a desired degree of fusion between adjacent filaments thereof and thereby in turn controllably obtain a predetermined degree of fibrillation of the unitary tape during use.
9. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the temperature is within the range from about 150° C. up to about 157° C.
10. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the precursor contains at least one twisted multi-filament yarn with a twist factor of 0.01-0.4.
11. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the precursor contains filaments that are substantially free from spin finish.
12. The process according to claim 8 , further comprising pre-treating the precursor by applying an oil or wax.
13. The process according to claim 12 , wherein the oil or wax comprises an additive.
14. A dental floss product comprising a unitary tape of ultra-high molar mass polyethylene having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 5 dl/g, as measured in decalin at 135° C., the tape having a thickness of about 0.02-0.1 mm, a width of about 0.25-6 mm and a predetermined degree of fibrillation during use, wherein the tape has a tensile strength of at least 1.8 GPa, wherein the tape is obtained by a process comprising:
exposing a ultra-high molar mass polyethylene multi-filament strand precursor to a temperature within the melting point range of the polyethylene for a time sufficient to at least partly fuse adjacent filaments while simultaneously stretching the precursor, and
varying the temperature and time of exposure of the ultra-high molar mass polyethylene multi-filament strand precursor to achieve a desired degree of fusion between adjacent filaments thereof and thereby in turn controllably obtain a predetermined degree of fibrillation of the unitary tape during use.
15. The dental floss product according to claim 14 , wherein the polyethylene is linear and has an intrinsic viscosity of between 7 and 35 dl/g.
16. The dental floss product according to claim 14 , wherein the tape has a tensile strength of at least 2.0 GPa.
17. The dental floss product according to claim 14 , wherein the tape is non-fibrillating during use.
18. The dental floss product according to claim 14 , wherein the tape shows fibrillation during use.
19. The dental floss product according to claim 18 , wherein the tape retains at least 75% of its initial strength after fibrillation.
20. The dental floss product according to claim 14 , wherein the tape shows grooves on its surface.