Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device

1. A liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase comprising three components, wherein the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (1), the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), and the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (3):

wherein R 1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 4 is fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 6 is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 7 and R 8 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkadienyl having 4 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; Y 1 is fluorine, —OCF 3 or —OCHF 2 ; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 and X 6 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine, provided that at least one of X 4 , X 5 and X 6 is fluorine.

2. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , wherein in Formula (1), Y 1 is fluorine, X 1 and X 2 are hydrogen, and X 3 is fluorine; in Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), X 4 is fluorine, and X 5 and X 6 are hydrogen, and in Formula (3), R 7 is alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which is replaced by fluorine, and R 8 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons.

3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , wherein the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (2-1).

4. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 2 , wherein the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (2-1).

5. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first component is from approximately 5% by weight to approximately 25% by weight, the ratio of the second component is from approximately 15% by weight to approximately 50% by weight, and the ratio of the third component is from approximately 25% by weight to approximately 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.

6. A liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase comprising four components, wherein the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (1), the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (3), and the fourth component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (4-1) and (4-2):

wherein R 1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 4 is fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 6 is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 7 and R 8 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkadienyl having 4 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; Y 1 is fluorine, —OCF 3 or —OCHF 2 ; Y 2 is fluorine or —OCF 3 ; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine, provided that at least one of X 4 , X 5 and X 6 is fluorine.

7. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6 , wherein in Formula (1), Y 1 is fluorine, X 1 and X 2 are hydrogen, and X 3 is fluorine; in Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), X 4 is fluorine, and X 5 and X 6 are hydrogen, and in Formula (3), R 7 is alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which is replaced by fluorine, and R 8 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons.

8. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6 , wherein the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (2-1).

9. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 7 , wherein the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (2-1).

10. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6 , wherein the ratio of the first component is from approximately 5% by weight to approximately 25% by weight, the ratio of the second component is from approximately 15% by weight to approximately 50% by weight, the ratio of the third component is from approximately 25% by weight to approximately 50% by weight, and the ratio of the fourth component is from approximately 5% by weight to approximately 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.

11. A liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase comprising three components, wherein the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds, represented by Formula (1), the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), and the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (3), and the liquid crystal composition is essentially consisting only of the first component, the second component and the third component:

wherein R 1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 4 is fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 6 is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 7 and R 8 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkadienyl having 4 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; Y 1 is fluorine, —OCF 3 or —OCHF 2 ; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 and X 6 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine, provided that at least one of X 4 , X 5 and X 6 is fluorine.

12. A liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase comprising four components, wherein the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (1), the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (3), and the fifth component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (5), and the liquid crystal composition consists essentially of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fifth component:

wherein R 1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 4 is fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 6 is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 7 and R 8 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkadienyl having 4 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 9 is independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 10 is independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine, fluorine or chlorine; ring A is cyclohexylene or phenylene; Y 1 is fluorine, —OCF 3 or —OCHF 2 ; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 and X 6 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine, provided that at least one of X 4 , X 5 and X 6 is fluorine.

13. A liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase comprising four components, wherein the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (1), the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (3), and the fourth component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (4-1) and (4-2), and the liquid crystal composition consists essentially of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component:

wherein R 1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 4 is fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 6 is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 7 and R 8 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkadienyl having 4 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; Y 1 is fluorine, —OCF 3 or —OCHF 2 ; Y 2 is fluorine or —OCF 3 ; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine, provided that at least one of X 4 , X 5 and X 6 is fluorine.

14. A liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase comprising five components, wherein the first component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (1), the second component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (2-1) to (2-3), the third component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (3), the fourth component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (4-1) and (4-2), and the fifth component is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (5), and the liquid crystal composition consists essentially of the first component, the second component, the third component, the fourth component and the fifth component:

wherein R 1 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 2 , R 3 and R 5 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 4 is fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 6 is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; R 7 and R 8 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkadienyl having 4 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 9 is independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine; R 10 is independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, arbitrary hydrogen of which are replaced by fluorine, fluorine or chlorine; ring A is cyclohexylene or phenylene; Y 1 is fluorine, —OCF 3 or —OCHF 2 ; Y 2 is fluorine or —OCF 3 ; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine, provided that at least one of X 4 , X 5 and X 6 is fluorine.

15. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a maximum temperature of a nematic phase of from approximately 70° C. to approximately 95° C., at a wavelength of 589 nm an optical anisotropy (25° C.) of from approximately 0.10 to approximately 0.16, a dielectric anisotropy (25° C., 1 kHz) of from approximately 3 to approximately 7, and a rotation viscosity (25° C.) of from approximately 30 mPa·s to approximately 100 mPa·s.

16. A liquid display device comprising the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 .