Destructible surfactants and uses thereof
Destructible surfactants and methods of using same are provided. The invention includes anionic surfactants having a dioxolane or dioxane functional group which enables the surfactant to be broken down under acidic conditions. The invention also includes methods of making anionic surfactants and methods of using anionic surfactants in a variety of applications.
1 - 7 . (canceled)
8 . A kit for performing electrophoresis comprising:
a surfactant represented by the formula:
in which
p is 0, 1 or 2;
R is alkyl;
R 1 and R 2 are each, independently, hydrogen or methyl; and
R 3 is selected from —CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 SO 3 − , —O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 − , —R 4 OSO 3 − , —R 4 OR 5 SO 3 − , and —OR 5 SO 3 − ,
wherein R 4 is C 2 -C 6 alkyl; and R 5 is C 3 -C 4 alkyl;
with the proviso that when p is 0 and R 1 is methyl, R 3 is not —CH 2 —O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 .
9 . The kit of claim 8 comprising a solution for degrading the surfactant.
10 . The kit of claim 8 comprising a gel.
11 . The kit of claim 8 comprising a molecular weight standard.
12 . The kit of claim 8 comprising a staining reagent.
13 . The kit of claim 8 wherein the surfactant is represented by the following formula:
in which
R 6 is alkyl;
R 7 is selected from —OSO 3 − , —R 4 OSO 3 − , —R 4 OR 5 SO 3 − , and —OR 5 SO 3 − ,
wherein R 4 and R 5 are each, independently, lower alkyl.
14 . The kit of claim 8 wherein the surfactant has the following chemical structure:
15 . The kit of claim 8 wherein the surfactant has the following chemical structure:
16 - 19 . (canceled)
20 . A surfactant represented by the formula:
in which
p is 0, 1 or 2;
R is alkyl;
R 1 and R 2 are each, independently, hydrogen or methyl;
R 3 is selected from —CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 SO 3 − , —O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 − , —R 4 OSO 3 − , —R 4 OR 5 SO 3 − , and —OR 5 SO 3 − ,
wherein R 4 is C 2 -C 6 alkyl; and R 5 is C 3 -C 4 ; alkyl with the proviso[s] that when p is 0 and R 1 is methyl, R 3 is not —CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 .
21 . The surfactant of claim 20 wherein R 3 is selected from —CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 SO 3 − , —CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 − , and —O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 − .
22 . The surfactant of claim 20 wherein R is an alkyl having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
23 . The surfactant of claim 20 having the following chemical structure:
24 . (canceled)
25 . (canceled)
26 . A gel comprising a surfactant represented by the formula (Formula I):
in which
p is 0, 1 or 2;
R is alkyl;
R 1 and R 2 are each, independently, hydrogen or methyl; and
R 3 is selected from —CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 3 SO 3 − , —O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 − , —R 4 OSO 3 − , —R 4 OR 5 SO 3 − , and —OR 5 SO 3 − ,
wherein R 4 is C 2 -C 6 alkyl; and R 5 is C 3 -C 4 alkyl,
with the proviso that when D is 0 and R 1 is methyl, R 3 is not —CH 2 O(CH 2 ) 4 SO 3 .
27 . A method of solubilizing a substance comprising contacting a substance with a surfactant of claim 20 .
28 . The method of claim 27 wherein the substance is an inclusion body.
29 . The method of claim 27 wherein the substance is a lipophilic protein.
30 . The method of claim 27 wherein the substance is a receptor.
31 . The method of claim 27 wherein the substance is a membrane-bound protein.
32 . The method of claim 27 wherein the substance is a biological tissue.
33 . (canceled)