Cryogenic probe for treating enlarged volume of tissue
A cryoprobe for surgical and other treatments. The cryoprobe comprises an expandable section that performs displacement of a distal cryotip forwards when there is elevation of the operation pressure in the interior of the cryoprobe. Needle-wise metal elements are installed on the external side of the cryotip. These needle-wise elements are deflecting outwards by a deflecting member fastened on the distal edge of an external shaft of the cryoprobe. This allows a significant enlargement of the frozen volume of the treated tissue with the same operation temperature and the outer diameter of the cryoprobe. In another embodiment, the needle elements are formed in a displaceable metal sheath and a distal section of a cryotip and/or special protrusions on this distal section act as the deflecting member.
1. A cryogenic probe comprising:
a main lumen for receiving a cryogen;
a face plane sealing a distal end of said main lumen, said face plane being reversibly displaceable in an axial direction;
an expandable element incorporated into said main lumen, wherein said expandable element expands at least in the axial direction, and said expandable element comprises bellows for expanding upon elevation of operation pressure of cryogen in said main lumen;
at least one needle fastened at its proximal end on an external side of said face plane; and
a deflecting means, which causes deflection of said at least one needle sideways with displacement of said face plane.
2. The probe of claim 1 , wherein said at least one needle comprises a thermally conductive flexible needle.
3. The probe of claim 1 , further comprising a central lumen situated in said main lumen and delivering cryogen into said main lumen.
4. The probe of claim 1 , wherein said deflecting means comprises an external lumen surrounding said main lumen and a deflecting member installed on a distal end of said external lumen for deflecting said at least one needle.
5. The probe of claim 4 , wherein said external lumen comprises rigid, thermal insulating material.
6. The probe of claim 4 , wherein the deflecting member comprises thermally conductive material.
7. The probe of claim 6 , wherein an inner surface of the deflecting member has a shape suitable for smoothly deflecting at least one flexible needle.
8. The probe of claim 1 , wherein said at least one needle comprises an array of a plurality of flexible needles, located on the external side of said face plane.
9. The probe of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of the flexible needles comprises identical needles.
10. The probe of claim 8 , wherein the flexible needles comprise solid, thermally conductive needles having cryogenically cooled proximal ends.
11. The probe of claim 8 , wherein at least one flexible needle of said plurality of flexible needles comprises a hollow needle having an open proximal end, an internal capillary structure and a closed distal end.
12. The probe of claim 11 , wherein said capillary structure comprises a porous coating with open porosity.
13. The probe of claim 11 , wherein said capillary structure comprises a plurality of fibers.
14. The probe of claim 8 , wherein said at least one flexible needle of said plurality of flexible needles comprises a hollow needle having a closed proximal end and a closed distal end.
15. The probe of claim 1 , further comprising a cryogenic cooling system using a liquid cryogen.
16. A cryogenic probe comprising:
a main lumen for receiving a cryogen;
a face plane sealing a distal end of said main lumen, said face plane being reversibly displaceable in an axial direction;
an array of a plurality of flexible needles located on an external side of said face plane, wherein said array of said flexible needles comprises at least one central needle displaced forwards with said face plane; and
a deflecting means, which causes deflection of at least one needle of said plurality of flexible needles sideways with displacement of said face plane, and wherein said deflecting means includes an aperture for passage of said at least one central needle.
17. A cryogenic probe comprising:
a main lumen for receiving a cryogen;
a face plane sealing a distal end of said main lumen, said face plane being reversibly displaceable in an axial direction, wherein the face plane further comprises an internal porous coating having open pore porosity and providing a surface for boiling cryogen thereupon;
at least one needle fastened at its proximal end on an external side of said face plane; and
a deflecting means, which causes deflection of said at least one needle sideways with displacement of said face plane.
18. A cryogenic probe comprising:
a main lumen for receiving a cryogen, wherein said main lumen comprises a conduit provided with a counter-flow heat exchanging means and a distal expansion orifice for receiving and allowing a high pressure gas to expand into said main lumen and to partially liquefy within said main lumen;
a face plan sealing a distal end of said main lumen, said face plane being reversibly displaceable in an axial direction;
at least one needle fastened at its proximal end on an external side of said face plane; and
a deflecting means, which causes deflection of said at least one needle sideways with displacement of said face plane.