Synchronization techniques in multipoint-to-point communication using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

1. A multipoint-to-point, orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) communication system comprising:

a plurality of remote units;

a host unit that includes a demodulator;

wherein each of the remote units transmits an upstream OFDM signal using a multiple access scheme to the host unit demodulator using at least one of a plurality of orthogonal tones within an OFDM waveform, wherein upstream OFDM signals from at least two of the remote units combine to a unified OFDM waveform at the host unit;

wherein the host unit receives the upstream OFDM signals from a plurality of the remote units, the tones of the upstream signals being substantially orthogonal when received at the host unit;

wherein portions of upstream OFDM signals from at least two of the remote units arrive at the host unit at the same time;

wherein the host unit demodulator demodulates said portions;

wherein the host unit performs a first analysis of at least one transmission characteristic of the upstream signal from at least one of the remote units in order to determine a first adjustment to the upstream signal within the OFDM communication system;

wherein the host unit generates and transmits a first adjustment signal to the at least one remote unit to perform the first adjustment;

wherein after the first analysis the host unit performs a second analysis of the at least one transmission characteristic of the upstream signal from the at least one remote unit in order to determine a second adjustment to the upstream signal within the OFDM communication system; and

wherein the host unit generates and transmits a second adjustment signal to the at least one remote unit to perform the second adjustment.

2. The OFDM communication system of claim 1 wherein the transmission characteristic is at least one of frequency, amplitude, and timing.

3. The OFDM communication system of claim 1 wherein the second analysis occurs after a first portion of payload data has been transmitted after the first analysis in the upstream signal from the at least one remote unit to the host unit.

4. The OFDM communication system of claim 1 wherein the host unit periodically performs an analysis of the at least one transmission characteristic to maintain calibration of the upstream signal of the at least one remote unit within the OFDM communication system.

5. The OFDM communication system of claim 1 wherein the transmission characteristic is timing and wherein the host unit performs the first analysis at least in part by detecting a round trip delay between the host unit and the remote unit.

6. An end-user device for a multipoint-to-point, orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) communication system, the end-user device comprising:

a remote unit using a multiple access scheme to communicate at the same time with the host unit using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) at the same time as at least one other remote unit, wherein the remote unit configures a waveform from the remote unit to combine with a waveform from at least one other remote unit to a unified OFDM waveform at the host unit;

wherein the remote unit transmits a first signal to the host unit on at least one tone of a plurality of tones;

wherein the remote unit makes a first adjustment to at least one transmission characteristic based on information received from the host unit pertaining to the first signal, wherein the first adjustment makes transmissions from the remote unit substantially orthogonal to transmissions from other remote units to assist the host unit in demodulating a plurality of upstream signals from the plurality of remote units;

wherein after the remote unit makes the first adjustment, the remote unit transmits a second signal to the host unit on at least one tone of the plurality of tones; and

wherein the remote unit makes a second adjustment to at least one transmission characteristic based on information received from the host unit pertaining to the second signal, wherein the second adjustment compensates for drift in the orthogonality of transmissions from the remote unit occurring since the first adjustment.

7. The end-user device of claim 6 wherein the remote unit periodically receives a message from the host unit and makes an adjustment of a transmission characteristic based on the message.

8. The end-user device of claim 6 wherein the remote unit is used in a hybrid fiber coax network.

9. The end-user device of claim 6 wherein the remote unit is used in a wireless network.

10. A multipoint-to-point, orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) communication system comprising:

a plurality of remote units;

a host unit that includes a demodulator;

wherein each of the remote units transmits an upstream OFDM signal using a multiple access scheme to the host unit demodulator using at least one of a plurality of orthogonal tones within an OFDM waveform, wherein upstream OFDM signals from at least two of the remote units combine to a unified OFDM waveform at the host unit;

wherein the host unit receives the upstream OFDM signals from a plurality of the remote units, the tones of the upstream signals being substantially orthogonal when received at the host unit;

wherein portions of upstream OFDM signals from at least two of the remote units arrive at the host unit at the same time;

wherein the host unit demodulator demodulates said portions; wherein in response to iterative adjustment signals received from the host unit, at least one of the remote units iteratively makes adjustments to at least one transmission characteristic of the upstream signal of the at least one remote unit until the transmission characteristic is calibrated within the OFDM waveform at the host unit.