Scintillator crystal and radiation detector
A scintillator crystal represented by the following general formula (1). Ln (1-y) Ce y X 3 :M (1) wherein Ln (1-y) Ce y X 3 represents the chemical composition of the matrix material, Ln represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, X represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of halogen elements, M is the constituent element of the dopant which is doped in the matrix material and represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Al, Zn, Ga, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ge, Ti, V, Cu, Nb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl and Bi, and y represents a numerical value satisfying the condition represented by the following inequality (A): 0.0001≦y≦1 (A).
1. A scintillator crystal represented by the following general formula (1):
Ln (1-y) Ce y X 3 :M (1)
wherein Ln (1-y) Ce y X 3 represents the chemical composition of the matrix material, Ln represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, X represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of halogen elements, M is the constituent element of the dopant which is doped in the matrix material and represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Al, Zn, Ga, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ge, Ti, V, Cu, Nb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, and Tl, and y represents a numerical value satisfying the condition represented by the following inequality (A):
0.0001≦y≦1 (A).
2. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein Ln is La.
3. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein X is Br.
4. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein M is present at 0.0001-0.05% by weight with respect to the total weight of the scintillator crystal.
5. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorescence intensity distribution for the wavelength of the emitted fluorescence has two maximum values, and of these maximum values, the value of the fluorescence intensity for the maximum value at the short wavelength end divided by the fluorescence intensity for the maximum value at the long wavelength end is greater than 0.7.
6. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , which is a single crystal.
7. A radiation detector comprising a photomultiplier tube and a scintillator provided with a scintillator crystal according to claim 1 formed on the outer photoelectric surface of the photomultiplier tube.
8. The radiation detector according to claim 7 , which is incorporated in a positron emission tomography apparatus.
9. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein M represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Na, Al, Zn, Ga, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ge, Ti, V, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Rh, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au and Hg.
10. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein M represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Na, Al, Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, V, Cu, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Pb and Pt.
11. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein X represents Cl.
12. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein X represents Br and Cl.
13. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein y is 0.001-0.1.
14. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein y is 0.005-0.05.
15. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein M represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Na, Fe and Ni.
16. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein M represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ca, Ga, Co.
17. The scintillator crystal according to claim 1 , wherein M represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn and Ti.