Flash memory array of floating gate-based non-volatile memory cells

1. A flash memory array comprising:

a plurality of memory cells organized in a matrix of rows and columns, each of the memory cells comprising:

a floating gate memory transistor having a source region and a drain region; and

a coupling capacitor electrically connected to the memory transistor;

a plurality of word lines each electrically connected to the coupling capacitor in each of the memory cells in a respective row;

a first set of bit lines each electrically connected to the drain region of the memory transistor in each of the memory cells in a respective column;

a plurality of high voltage access transistors each electrically connected to a bit line in the first set of bit lines; and

a second set of bit lines each electrically connected to the source region of the memory transistor in each of the memory cells in a respective column;

wherein various combinations of voltages can be applied to the word lines and the first and second sets of bit lines in operations to erase, program, read, or inhibit a logic state stored by the memory transistor in one or more of the memory cells.

2. The flash memory array of claim 1 , wherein the memory cells are organized in a two-dimensional array.

3. The flash memory array of claim 1 , wherein the word lines each provide a bus line that is electrically connected to each capacitor in a respective row.

4. The flash memory array of claim 1 , wherein the access transistors are configured to withstand a high voltage on at least a drain terminal thereof.

5. The flash memory array of claim 1 , wherein each of the access transistors are electrically connected to respective memory transistors in the same column.

6. The flash memory array of claim 1 , wherein the second set of bit lines each provide a bus line that is electrically connected to each memory transistor in a respective column.

7. The flash memory array of claim 1 , wherein the memory cells each comprise a capacitor terminal electrically connected to the coupling capacitor, and a program terminal electrically connected to the memory transistor.

8. The flash memory array of claim 1 , wherein the erase and program operations are carried out by Fowler-Nordheim tunneling.

9. A method of erasing a single bit in a memory cell of a flash memory array according to claim 1 , the method comprising:

grounding a word line connected to the coupling capacitor in the memory cell to be erased;

applying a first voltage to a bit line connected to the source region of the memory transistor in the memory cell to be erased;

applying a second voltage to word lines not connected to the memory cell to be erased, the second voltage being about one-half of the first voltage;

grounding a bit line connected to the drain region of the memory transistor in the memory cell to be erased; and

applying a third voltage to bit lines, in the second set of bit lines, not connected to the memory cell to be erased, the third voltage being about one-half of the first voltage.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein erasing of the single bit is carried out by Fowler-Nordheim tunneling.

11. A method of programming a single bit in a memory cell of a flash memory array according to claim 1 , the method comprising:

applying a first voltage to a word line connected to the coupling capacitor in the memory cell to be programmed;

grounding a bit line connected to the source region of the memory transistor in the memory cell to be programmed;

applying a second voltage to bit lines, in the second set of bit lines, not connected to the memory cell to be programmed, the second voltage being about one-half of the first voltage;

grounding a bit line connected to the drain region of the memory transistor in the memory cell to be programmed; and

grounding word lines not connected to the memory cell to be programmed.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein programming the single bit is carried out by Fowler-Nordheim tunneling.

13. A method of reading a single bit in a memory cell of a flash memory array according to claim 1 , the method comprising:

grounding a word line connected to the coupling capacitor in the memory cell to be read;

applying a first voltage to a bit line connected to the source region of the memory transistor in the memory cell to be read;

applying a second voltage to a bit line connected to the drain region of the memory transistor in the memory cell to be read, the second voltage being larger than the first voltage or enough to turn on an access transistor coupled to the bit line connected to the drain region; and

applying a third voltage to word lines not connected to the memory cell to be read, the third voltage being at least about half the first voltage.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first voltage is about 1 volt, and the second voltage is about 5 volts.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the third voltage is about 2-5 volts.