Method for producing bituminous compositions
View Patent ↗This invention relates to bituminous compositions and methods of producing the same. More particularly, the invention relates to the production of bituminous compositions formulated with performance-graded bitumen-containing solvent-free bitumen emulsions which exhibit controllable, temperature-dependent interfacial rheology. When employed in paving applications, these bituminous compositions develop adhesive strength and load-bearing strength properties at rates comparable to traditional hot mix paving compositions and at rates faster than traditional cold mix paving compositions.
1. A bituminous composition, comprising:
(a) solvent-free, oil-in-water bitumen emulsion in an amount from about 2% to about 10% by total weight of the bituminous composition, wherein the oil-in-water bitumen emulsion comprises:
(i) bitumen in an amount from about 50% to about 75% by total weight of the bitumen emulsion,
(ii) at least one active emulsifier in an amount from about 0.05% to about 2.0% by total weight of the bitumen emulsion, and
(iii) water in an amount to complete the emulsion; and
(b) aggregate in an amount from about 90% to about 98% by total weight of the bituminous composition; and
wherein the bituminous composition is in an absence of bitumen having a penetration number of more than 220 dmm as determined according to an ASTM standard method D5 at 25° C.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises the bitumen in an amount range from about 60.0% to about 70.0% by total weight of the emulsion.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises the emulsifier in an amount range from about 0.08% to about 0.75% by total weight of the emulsion.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises a member selected from the group consisting of naturally occurring bitumens, bitumen from crude oil, bitumen from petroleum pitch, bitumen from coal tar, sulfur-modified bitumen, acid-modified bitumen, and combinations thereof.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises a bitumen modified with at least one member selected from the group consisting of natural rubbers, synthetic rubbers, plastomers, thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, elastomers, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-butadiene-rubber, polyisoprene, polybutylenes, butadiene-styrene rubbers, vinyl polymers, ethylene vinyl acetate, and combinations thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the bitumen emulsion further comprises a member selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber latex, polyisoprene latex, neoprene, associative thickeners, starch, salt, and combinations thereof.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the emulsifier comprises a member selected from the group consisting of amphoteric emulsifiers, cationic emulsifiers, nonionic emulsifiers and combinations thereof.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the amphoteric emulsifier comprises a member selected from the group consisting of sodium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide methyl carboxylate betaines, potassium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide methyl carboxylate betaines, lithium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide phosphate betaines, sodium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide phosphate betaines, potassium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide phosphate betaines, lithium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide sulphate betaines, sodium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide sulphate betaines, and potassium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide sulphate betaines, lithium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide methyl carboxylate betaines, C-12 to C-24 fatty imidoamines, rosin imidoamines, and combinations thereof.
9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the cationic emulsifier comprises a member selected from the group consisting of C-12 to C-24 fatty imidazolines; C-12 to C-24 fatty imidoamines; rosin imidoamines; C-12 to C-24 fatty amidoamines; rosin amidoamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl monoamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene polyamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl monoamine polyoxyethylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl monoamine polyoxypropylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene monoamines polyoxyethylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene monoamines polyoxypropylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl aryl monoamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl aryl polypropylene polyamines; C-12 to C-24 quaternary amines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl ether amines; C-12 to C-24 alkylether polyamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene polyamine N-oxides; amine derivatives of tannins; amine derivatives of phenolic resins; amine derivatives of lignins; amine-modified polyacrylates; and combinations thereof.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aggregate comprises a member selected from the group consisting of dense-graded aggregate, gap-graded aggregate, open-graded, stone-matrix aggregate, reclaimed asphalt pavement material, reclaimed roofing shingles, and combinations thereof.
11. A paved road, including a layer of a bituminous composition, wherein the bituminous composition comprises:
(a) solvent-free, oil-in-water bitumen emulsion in an amount from about 2% to about 10% by total weight of the bituminous composition, wherein the oil-in-water bitumen emulsion comprises:
(i) bitumen in an amount from about 50% to about 75% by total weight of the bitumen emulsion,
(ii) at least one active emulsifier in an amount from about 0.05% to about 2.0% by total weight of the bitumen emulsion, and
(iii) water in an amount to complete the emulsion; and
(b) aggregate in an amount from about 90% to about 98% by total weight of the bituminous composition; and
wherein the bituminous composition is in an absence of bitumen having a penetration number of more than 220 dmm as determined according to an ASTM standard method D5 at 25° C.
12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises the bitumen in an amount range from about 60.0% to about 70.0% by total weight of the emulsion.
13. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises the emulsifier in an amount range from about 0.08% to about 0.75% by total weight of the emulsion.
14. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises a member selected from the group consisting of naturally occurring bitumens, bitumen from crude oil, bitumen from petroleum pitch, bitumen from coal tar, sulfur-modified bitumen, acid-modified bitumen, and combinations thereof.
15. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the bitumen emulsion comprises a bitumen modified with at least one member selected from the group consisting of natural rubbers, synthetic rubbers, plastomers, thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, elastomers, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-butadiene-rubber, polyisoprene, polybutylenes, butadiene-styrene rubbers, vinyl polymers, ethylene vinyl acetate, and combinations thereof.
16. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the bitumen emulsion further comprises a member selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber latex, polyisoprene latex, neoprene, associative thickeners, starch, salt, and combinations thereof.
17. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the emulsifier comprises a member selected from the group consisting of amphoteric emulsifiers, cationic emulsifiers, nonionic emulsifiers and combinations thereof.
18. The paved road of claim 17 , wherein the amphoteric emulsifier comprises a member selected from the group consisting of sodium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide methyl carboxylate betaines, potassium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide methyl carboxylate betaines, lithium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide phosphate betaines, sodium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide phosphate betaines, potassium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide phosphate betaines, lithium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide sulphate betaines, sodium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide sulphate betaines, and potassium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide sulphate betaines, lithium C-12 to C-24 alkyl amidopropyl halide methyl carboxylate betaines, C-12 to C-24 fatty imidoamines, rosin imidoamines, and combinations thereof.
19. The paved road of claim 17 , wherein the cationic emulsifier comprises a member selected from the group consisting of C-12 to C-24 fatty imidazolines; C-12 to C-24 fatty imidoamines; rosin imidoamines; C-12 to C-24 fatty amidoamines; rosin amidoamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl monoamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene polyamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl monoamine polyoxyethylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl monoamine polyoxypropylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene monoamines polyoxyethylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene monoamines polyoxypropylene; C-12 to C-24 alkyl aryl monoamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl aryl polypropylene polyamines; C-12 to C-24 quaternary amines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl ether amines; C-12 to C-24 alkylether polyamines; C-12 to C-24 alkyl polypropylene polyamine N-oxides; amine derivatives of tannins; amine derivatives of phenolic resins; amine derivatives of lignins; amine-modified polyacrylates; and combinations thereof.
20. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the aggregate comprises a member selected from the group consisting of dense-graded aggregate, gap-graded aggregate, open-graded, stone-matrix aggregate, reclaimed asphalt pavement material, reclaimed roofing shingles, and combinations thereof.