HEATING ELEMENT SHEATHS
The present invention is directed to a nickel-based alloy, such as INCOLOY or INCONEL, clad stainless steel sheath tubing material for heating elements. This clad material is designed to minimize the cost of heating elements generally constructed entirely of nickel-based alloys alone while providing necessary material requirements of weldability, hot strength, corrosion resistance, thermal shock resistance, and formability.
1 . A heating element comprising a tubular sheath wherein the sheath is comprised of a stainless steel layer which has a nickel-based alloy layer clad to a surface thereof.
2 . The heating element of claim 1 wherein the nickel-based alloy comprises nickel and chromium.
3 . The heating element of claim 2 wherein the nickel-based alloy is an INCOLOY or INCONEL alloy.
4 . The heating element of claim 3 wherein the nickel-based alloy is selected from INCOLOY alloy 800, 825, 840 or INCONEL alloy 600.
5 . The heating element of claim 2 wherein the nickel-based alloy comprises from about 18% to about 72% nickel.
6 . The heating element of claim 2 wherein the nickel-based alloy comprises from about 14% to about 23% chromium.
7 . The heating element of claim 2 wherein the nickel-based alloy comprises from about 18% to about 72% nickel and from about 14% to about 23% chromium.
8 . The heating element of claim 1 wherein the nickel-based alloy layer is on an outer surface of the tubular sheath.
9 . The heating element of claim 8 wherein the nickel-based alloy layer has a thickness of from about 5% to about 70% of the total strip thickness.
10 . The heating element of claim 9 wherein the stainless steel layer has a thickness of from about 30% to about 95% of the total strip thickness.
11 . The heating element of claim 1 wherein the volume ratio of nickel-based alloy to stainless steel is from about 5/95 to about 70/30.
12 . A heating element comprising an electrical resistance wire, an insulating layer and an outer tubular sheath wherein the outer tubular sheath has an inner stainless steel layer and an outer nickel-based alloy layer clad to the stainless steel layer.
13 . The heating element of claim 12 wherein the nickel-based alloy comprises nickel and chromium.
14 . The heating element of claim 13 wherein the nickel-based alloy is an INCOLOY or INCONEL alloy.
15 . The heating element of claim 14 wherein the nickel alloy is selected from INCOLOY alloy 800, 825, 840 or INCONEL alloy 600.
16 . The heating element of claim 13 wherein the nickel alloy comprises from about 18% to about 72% nickel.
17 . The heating element of claim 13 wherein the nickel alloy comprises from about 14% to about 23% chromium.
18 . The heating element of claim 13 wherein the nickel alloy comprises from about 18% to about 72% nickel and from about 14% to about 23% chromium.
19 . A process for making a nickel-based alloy clad stainless steel material having a nickel-based alloy layer and a stainless steel layer comprising roll bonding a nickel-based alloy material to a stainless steel material such that a metallurgical bond is formed between the nickel-based alloy layer and the stainless steel layer.
20 . The process of claim 19 wherein the ratio of nickel-based alloy material to stainless steel material is from about 5/95 to about 70/30.
21 . The process of claim 19 wherein the nickel-based alloy material comprises nickel and chromium.
22 . The process of claim 20 wherein the nickel-based alloy is an INCOLOY or INCONEL alloy.
23 . The process of claim 19 wherein the nickel-based alloy clad stainless steel material is roll bonded to a thickness of from about 0.015 inches to about 0.030 inches.
24 . The process of claim 23 wherein the nickel-based alloy layer has a thickness of from about 5% to about 70% of the total strip thickness.
25 . The process of claim 23 wherein the stainless steel layer has a thickness of from about 30% to about 95% of the total strip thickness.