Preserved Viable Cartilage, Method for Its Preservation, and System and Devices Used Therefor
The present invention provides methods for providing cartilage-containing tissue for grafting, comprising providing excised cartilage-containing tissue; and treating said excised cartilage-containing and cryogenically preserving the treated cartilage-containing tissue under appropriate cryogenic preservation conditions so as to yield cryogenically preserved cartilage-containing tissue having at least 10% viable chondrocytes throughout the cartilage portion of the cartilage-containing tissue after preservation, as tested in a live/dead ratio assay. Treatment may comprise providing one or a plurality of incisions in said cartilage portion to a predetermined depth therein and/or introducing a cryoprotectant agent at least into said cartilage portion. The invention also provides viable cartilage obtainable by the methods of the invention, methods of grafting such preserved, viable cartilage containing tissue in a recipient, as well as apparatuses, vessels and systems for preparing a cartilage-containing tissue for cryogenic preservation and subsequent grafting in a recipient.
1 .- 37 . (canceled)
38 . A method for providing viable cartilage-containing tissue, comprising:
(a) providing excised cartilage-containing tissue; and
(b) treating said excised cartilage-containing and cryogenically preserving the treated cartilage-containing tissue under appropriate cryogenic preservation conditions so as to yield cryogenically preserved cartilage-containing tissue having at least 10% viable chondrocytes throughout the cartilage portion of the cartilage-containing tissue after preservation, as tested in a live/dead ratio assay.
39 . A method for providing viable cartilage-containing tissue, comprising:
(a) providing excised cartilage-containing tissue having a cartilage portion;
(b) treating said excised cartilage-containing tissue by providing at least one incision in said cartilage portion to a predetermined depth therein; and
(c) cryogenically preserving the treated cartilage-containing tissue under appropriate cryogenic preservation conditions.
40 . A method for providing viable cartilage-containing tissue, comprising:
(a) providing excised cartilage-containing tissue having a cartilage portion;
(b) treating said cartilage-containing tissue by introducing a cryoprotectant agent at least into said cartilage portion; and
(c) cryogenically preserving said treated cartilage-containing tissue under appropriate cryogenic preservation conditions.
41 . The method of claim 38 , wherein said treatment comprises providing a plurality of incisions in said cartilage portion to a predetermined depth therein.
42 . The method of claim 40 , wherein said treatment comprises providing a plurality of incisions in said cartilage portion to a predetermined depth therein.
43 . The method of claim 39 , wherein said predetermined depth comprises a depth of at least 50 μm from a surface of the cartilage portion.
44 . The method of claim 42 , wherein said predetermined depth comprises a depth of at least 200 μm from a surface of the cartilage portion.
45 . The method of claim 43 , wherein said predetermined depth does not exceed the local thickness of said cartilage portion.
46 . The method of claim 43 , wherein said at least one incision is formed by means of a cutting blade applied to the cartilage-containing tissue.
47 . The method of claim 43 , wherein said at least one incision is provided in an incision pattern over said cartilage portion comprising a plurality of individual incisions.
48 . The method of claim 47 , wherein said incision pattern comprises any one of the following patterns when viewed in a direction substantially perpendicular to said cartilage portion:
a plurality of substantially elongate channels in substantially parallel spaced relationship;
a plurality of substantially elongate channels radiating from a common central area;
a plurality of substantially concentric channels radiating from a common central area;
a plurality of mutually-spaced point incisions arranged in a suitable two dimensional matrix.
49 . The method of claim 39 , further comprising
(a) thawing the preserved cartilage containing tissue, the thawed cartilage containing tissue exhibiting at least 10% viable chondrocytes throughout the cartilage portion of the cartilage containing tissue.
50 . The method of claim 39 , wherein when said cartilage portion comprise a bone segment, the method comprises, prior to preservation:
providing a pulling member; and
connecting said pulling member to said bone portion.
51 . The method of claim 39 , comprising prior to cryogenic preservation introduction of the cartilage containing tissue into a vessel comprising:
a substantially impermeable body having a first open end and a second open end at longitudinally opposite ends thereof and defining a containing volume;
a first end plug and a second end plug for reversibly sealing said first open end and a second open end, respectively.
52 . Cartilage-containing tissue, obtained with the method of claim 39 .
53 . The cartilage-containing tissue of claim 52 , being thawed viable preserved human cartilage-containing tissue.
54 . The cartilage-containing tissue of claim 53 , being preserved for a period of at least 14 days.
55 . A method of grafting a cartilage containing tissue, comprising providing a cartilage-containing tissue of claim 52 , suitably thawing said cartilage-containing tissue, and grafting said thawed cartilage-containing tissue to an appropriate patient.
56 . Apparatus for preparing a cartilage-containing tissue for subsequent cryogenic preservation, comprising
a holder for holding said cartilage-containing tissue;
a cutting head comprising at least one incision-forming element for forming an incision in a cartilage portion of said cartilage-containing tissue when held in said holder.
57 . Vessel for containing a cartilage-containing tissue, comprising
a substantially impermeable body having a first open end and a second open end at longitudinally opposite ends thereof and defining a containing volume;
a first end plug and a second end plug for reversibly sealing said first open end and said second open end, respectively.