Stabilized Cross-Linked Polyolefin Compositions
A composition is disclosed that includes at least one polyolefin, at least one organic peroxide, and an antioxidant mixture of a composition of at least one polyolefin, at least one organic peroxide, and an antioxidant mixture. The antioxidant mixture has at least one fast radical scavenger selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, low hindered thiophenols, low hindered thiobisphenols, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, NOR HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof, and at least one long term stabilizer selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, highly hindered phenols, thiosynergists, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof. The preferred polyolefin is a homopolymer of ethylene or a copolymer of ethylene and the compositions are useful in insulating media for medium and high voltage wire and cable applications.
1 . A composition comprising:
(a) at least one polyolefin;
(b) at least one organic peroxide; and
(c) an antioxidant mixture of
(i) at least one fast radical scavenger selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, low hindered thiophenols, low hindered thiobisphenols, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, NOR HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof; and
(ii) at least one long term stabilizer selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, highly hindered phenols, thiosynergists, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof.
2 . A composition comprising:
(a) at least one polyolefin;
(b) at least one organic peroxide; and
(c) an antioxidant mixture comprising:
(i) 100 to 5,000 ppm of at least one fast radical scavenger selected from the group consisting of α-tocopherol; β-tocopherol; γ-tocopherol; δ-tocopherol; 4,6-bis (octylthiomethyl) o-cresol and derivatives thereof; 4,4′-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4′-thiobis(2-t-butyl-5-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis 4-octyl phenol; 1,3,5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-trione; 2,5-di-t-amylhydroquinone; a polymeric sterically hindered phenol with CAS number 36443-68-2; oxidized bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) amines; bis-(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)sebacate; 4,4′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine; N-phenyl-styrenated benzenamine; diphenylamine/acetone reaction product; p-(p-toluene-sulfonylamido)-diphenylamine; and mixtures thereof; and
(ii) 100 to 8,000 ppm of at least one long term stabilizer selected from the group consisting of 2,2′-thiodiethylene bis[3(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate]; tetrakismethylene (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)methane; octadecyl 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate; C 9 -C 11 linear and branched alkyl esters of 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid; C 13 -C 15 linear and branched alkyl esters of 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid; 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate; 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene; N,N′-hexamethylene bis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamide]; 1,2-bis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamoyl) hydrazine; distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate; dilauryl 3,3′-thiopropionate; ditridecylthiodipropionate; mixed lauryl-+stearylthiopropionate; pentaerythritol tetrakis(β-laurylthiopropionate); polymerized 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline; 2,4-bis(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine; 4,4′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine; N-phenyl-styrenated benzenamine; diphenylamine/acetone reaction product; p-(p-toluene-sulfonylamido)-diphenylamine; and mixtures thereof.
3 . The composition of claim 2 wherein the polyolefin comprises an ethylene polymer or copolymer.
4 . The composition of claim 3 wherein the total level of the mixture of antioxidants is in the range 200 to 10,000 ppm.
5 . The composition of claim 2 wherein the fast radical scavenger comprises 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)o-cresol or derivatives thereof.
6 . The composition of claim 5 wherein the derivative is 2,4-bis(n-docecylthiomethyl)-6-methylphenol.
7 . The composition of claim 3 wherein the fast radical scavenger comprises 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)o-cresol and the long term stabilizer comprises 2,2′-thiodiethylene bis[3(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate].
8 . The composition of claim 7 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate.
9 . The composition of claim 7 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises ditridecyl thiodipropionate.
10 . The composition of claim 3 wherein the fast radical scavenger comprises 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)o-cresol and the long term stabilizer comprises at least one C 13 -C 15 linear or branched alkyl ester of 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid.
11 . The composition of claim 10 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate.
12 . The composition of claim 10 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises ditridecyl thiodipropionate.
13 . The composition of claim 3 wherein the fast radical scavenger comprises 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)o-cresol and the long term stabilizer comprises ADK stab AO 23.
14 . The composition of claim 13 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate.
15 . The composition of claim 13 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises ditridecyl thiodipropionate.
16 . The composition of claim 3 wherein the fast radical scavenger comprises 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)o-cresol and the long term stabilizer comprises 4,4′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine.
17 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate.
18 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the long term stabilizer further comprises ditridecyl thiodipropionate.
19 . The composition of claim 2 wherein the fast radical scavenger comprises a tocopherol or a mixture of tocopherols.
20 . The composition of claim 19 wherein the tocopherol is α-tocopherol and the long term stabilizer comprises a mixture of 2,2′-thiodiethylene bis[3(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate] and distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate.
21 . The composition of claim 2 wherein the organic peroxide is a dialkyl peroxide.
22 . The composition of claim 2 wherein the organic peroxide is dicumyl peroxide.
23 . An article of manufacture comprising insulating material comprising a composition comprising:
(a) at least one polyolefin;
(b) at least one organic peroxide; and
(c) an antioxidant mixture of
(i) at least one fast radical scavenger selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, low hindered thiophenols, low hindered thiobisphenols, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, NOR HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof; and
(ii) at least one long term stabilizer selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, highly hindered phenols, thiosynergists, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof.
24 . An article of manufacture comprising insulating means comprising a composition comprising:
(a) at least one polyolefin;
(b) at least one organic peroxide; and
(c) an antioxidant mixture of
(i) 100 to 5,000 ppm of at least one fast radical scavenger selected from the group consisting of α-tocopherol; β-tocopherol; γ-tocopherol; δ-tocopherol; 4,6-bis (octylthiomethyl) o-cresol and derivatives thereof; 4,4′-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4′-thiobis(2-t-butyl-5-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis 4-octyl phenol; 1,3,5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-trione; 2,5-di-t-amylhydroquinone; a polymeric sterically hindered phenol with CAS number 36443-68-2; oxidized bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) amines; bis-(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)sebacate; 4,4′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine; N-phenyl-styrenated benzenamine; diphenylamine/acetone reaction product; p-(p-toluene-sulfonylamido)-diphenylamine; and mixtures thereof; and
(ii) 100 to 8,000 ppm of at least one long term stabilizer selected from the group consisting of 2,2′-thiodiethylene bis[3(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate]; tetrakismethylene (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)methane; octadecyl 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate; C 9 -C 11 linear and branched alkyl esters of 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid; C 13 -C 15 linear and branched alkyl esters of 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid; 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate; 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene; N,N′-hexamethylene bis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamide]; 1,2-bis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamoyl) hydrazine; distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate; dilauryl 3,3′-thiopropionate; ditridecylthiodipropionate; mixed lauryl-+stearylthiopropionate; pentaerythritol tetrakis(β-laurylthiopropionate); polymerized 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline; 2,4-bis(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine; 4,4′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine; N-phenyl-styrenated benzenamine; diphenylamine/acetone reaction product; p-(p-toluene-sulfonylamido)-diphenylamine; and mixtures thereof.
25 . The article of claim 24 wherein the polyolefin comprises an ethylene polymer or copolymer.
26 . The article of claim 25 wherein said article is medium or high voltage wire and cable.
27 . A method for stabilizing polyolefins for use as insulating media in medium and high voltage wire and cable comprising adding to said polyolefin:
at least one organic peroxide; and
an antioxidant mixture of
at least one fast radical scavenger selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, low hindered thiophenols, low hindered thiobisphenols, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, NOR HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof; and
at least one long term stabilizer selected from the group consisting of low hindered phenols, highly hindered phenols, thiosynergists, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, HALS, hydroxylamines, and mixtures thereof.
28 . A method for stabilizing polyolefins for use as insulating media in medium and high voltage wire and cable comprising adding to said polyolefin:
at least one organic peroxide; and
an antioxidant mixture of
100 to 5,000 ppm of at least one fast radical scavenger selected from the group consisting of α-tocopherol; β-tocopherol; γ-tocopherol; δ-tocopherol; 4,6-bis (octylthiomethyl) o-cresol and derivatives thereof; 4,4′-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4′-thiobis(2-t-butyl-5-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis 4-octyl phenol; 1,3,5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-trione; 2,5-di-t-amylhydroquinone; a polymeric sterically hindered phenol with CAS number 36443-68-2; oxidized bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) amines; bis-(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)sebacate; 4,4′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine; N-phenyl-styrenated benzenamine; diphenylamine/acetone reaction product; p-(p-toluene-sulfonylamido)-diphenylamine; and mixtures thereof; and
100 to 8,000 ppm of at least one long term stabilizer selected from the group consisting of 2,2′-thiodiethylene bis[3(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate]; tetrakismethylene (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)methane; octadecyl 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate; C 9 -C 11 linear and branched alkyl esters of 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid; C 13 -C 15 linear and branched alkyl esters of 3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid; 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate; 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene; N,N′-hexamethylene bis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamide]; 1,2-bis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamoyl) hydrazine; distearyl 3,3′-thiopropionate; dilauryl 3,3′-thiopropionate; ditridecylthiodipropionate; mixed lauryl-+stearylthiopropionate; pentaerythritol tetrakis(β-laurylthiopropionate); polymerized 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline; 2,4-bis(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine; 4,4′-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine; N-phenyl-styrenated benzenamine; diphenylamine/acetone reaction product; p-(p-toluene-sulfonylamido)-diphenylamine; and mixtures thereof.
29 . The method of claim 28 wherein the polyolefin comprises an ethylene polymer or copolymer.