Method and apparatus for the integration of a high efficiency power amplifier with an integrated transceiver for wireless communication
View Patent ↗An integrated transceiver for wireless applications has both a frequency determining means and a power amplifier. A transmission filter suppresses unwanted spurious outputs in an integrated circuit before a power amplifier stage amplifies and transmits the desired signal. A differential to single ended converter is able to be implemented to further enhance efficiency.
1. An integrated circuit for wireless communications comprising:
A) a transmission filter within the integrated circuit having an input and an output, wherein the transmission filter is capable of having its pass frequency tuned after production, wherein the transmission filter comprises a cascode stage adapted to provide gain and provide isolation;
B) a differential to single ended converter having an input and an output, wherein the input of the differential to single ended converter is directly coupled to the output of the transmission filter, wherein the differential to single ended converter comprises at least a transistor, a capacitor, and a resistor; and
C) a power amplifier having an input and an output, wherein the input of the power amplifier is coupled to the output of the differential to single ended converter.
2. The integrated circuit in claim 1 wherein the output of the differential to single ended converter is directly coupled to the input of the power amplifier.
3. An integrated circuit for wireless communications comprising:
a) a frequency determining module within the integrated circuit for transmitting a desired differential output frequency;
b) a frequency divider coupled to the frequency determining module, configured to receive the desired differential output frequency and transmit a divided differential frequency;
c) a mixer coupled to the frequency divider, configured to receive the divided differential frequency and an input signal, and transmit a differential modulated signal;
d) a transmission filter coupled to the mixer, configured to receive the differential modulated signal and transmit a differential filtered signal, wherein the transmission filter is capable of having its pass frequency tuned after production, wherein the transmission filter comprises a cascode stage adapted to provide isolation between the mixer and a differential to single ended converter;
e) the differential to single ended converter directly coupled to the transmission filter, configured to receive the differential filtered signal and transmit a single ended filtered signal, wherein the differential to single ended converter comprises at least a transistor, a capacitor, and a resistor, and;
f) a power amplifier, coupled to the single ended filtered signal and transmit a single ended amplified signal.
4. The integrated circuit in claim 3 wherein the frequency determining module is a PLL.
5. The integrated circuit in claim 3 wherein the transmission filter comprises a bank of switched capacitors.
6. The integrated circuit in claim 3 wherein the transmission filter is a transmission filter having gain.
7. The integrated circuit in claim 3 wherein the differential to single ended converter is a balanced differential to single ended converter.
8. The integrated circuit in claim 3 wherein the power amplifier is a single ended power amplifier.
9. A method of integrating a frequency determining module and a power amplifier on the same integrated circuit comprising the steps:
configuring a frequency determining module within the integrated circuit to transmit a desired differential frequency signal;
coupling a frequency divider to the frequency determining module, and configuring the frequency divider to receive the desired differential frequency and to transmit a divided differential frequency signal;
coupling a mixer to the frequency divider, and configuring the mixer to receive the divided differential frequency and an input signal, and to transmit a differential modulated signal;
directly coupling a tunable transmission filter to the mixer, and configuring the transmission filter to receive the differential modulated signal and to transmit a differential filtered signal;
directly coupling a differential to single ended converter comprising at least a transistor, a capacitor, and a resistor to the transmission filter, and configuring the differential to single ended converter to receive the filtered signal and to transmit a single ended filtered signal
isolating the differential to single ended converter from the mixer using a cascode stage in the transmission filter; and
coupling a power amplifier to the differential to single ended converter, and configuring the power amplifier to receive the single ended filtered signal and to transmit a single ended amplified signal.
10. The method in claim 9 wherein the frequency determining module is a PLL.
11. The method in claim 9 wherein the transmission filter is tunable post production by opening and closing one or more capacitors within a bank of capacitors.
12. The method in claim 9 wherein the transmission filter is a transmission filter with gain.
13. The method in claim 9 wherein the differential to single ended converter is a balanced differential to single ended converter.
14. The method in claim 9 wherein the power amplifier is a single ended power amplifier.