Antimicrobial compositions comprising esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids
Antimicrobial compositions, especially those useful when applied topically, particularly to mucosal tissues (i.e., mucous membranes), including, in particular, a fatty alcohol ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acid, alkoxylated derivatives thereof, or combinations thereof. The compositions can also include an enhancer component, a surfactant component, a hydrophobic component, and/or a hydrophilic component. Such compositions provide effective topical antimicrobial activity and are accordingly useful in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions that are caused, or aggravated by, microorganisms (including viruses).
1. An antimicrobial composition comprising:
an effective amount of an antimicrobial component comprising a (C7-C14)saturated fatty alcohol ester of a (C2-C8)hydroxycarboxylic acid, a (C8-C22)mono- or poly-unsaturated fatty alcohol ester of a (C2-C8) hydroxycarboxylic acid, an alkoxylated derivative of either of the foregoing, or combinations thereof, wherein the alkoxylated derivative has less than 5 moles of alkoxide per mole of hydroxycarboxylic acid; and
the composition further comprises an effective amount of an enhancer component selected from the group consisting of alpha hydroxyacids present in an amount of at least 0.25 wt/wt %, beta hydroxyacids present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a chelating agent present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a (C1-C4)alkyl carboxylic acid present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a (C6-C12)aryl carboxylic acid present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a (C6-C12)aralkyl carboxylic acid present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a (C6-C12)alkaryl carboxylic acid present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, or combinations thereof; with the proviso that the composition does not include parabens or phenoxyethanol;
wherein the effective amount of the antimicrobial component in the composition is at least 0.25% by weight;
wherein water is present in less than 10 wt-%, and
wherein the fatty alcohol ester in the antimicrobial component is at least 70% pure.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the antimicrobial component comprises (C8-C12) fatty alcohol esters of glycolic acid, lactic acid, 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, or combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a surfactant component.
4. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a hydrophilic component.
5. The composition of claim 1 having at least 3 log reduction in test bacteria in 10 minutes when evaluated by the Antimicrobial Kill Rate Test.
6. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the surfactant component does not comprise an ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid ester.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the enhancer is a chelating agent present in an amount of at least 1%.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the enhancer is a chelating agent and a ratio of the concentration of the chelating agent to the antimicrobial component in the composition is within a range of 1:1 to 1:10.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the fatty alcohol ester in the antimicrobial component is at least 80% pure.
10. An antimicrobial composition comprising:
an effective amount of an antimicrobial component comprising a (C7-C14)saturated fatty alcohol ester of a (C2-C8)hydroxycarboxylic acid, a (C8-C22)mono- or poly-unsaturated fatty alcohol ester of a (C2-C8) hydroxycarboxylic acid, an alkoxylated derivative of either of the foregoing, or combinations thereof, wherein the alkoxylated derivative has less than 5 moles of alkoxide per mole of hydroxycarboxylic acid; and
the composition further comprises an effective amount of an enhancer component selected from the group consisting of alpha hydroxyacids present in an amount of at least 0.25 wt/wt %, beta hydroxyacids present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a chelating agent present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a (C1-C4)alkyl carboxylic acid present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a (C6-C12)aralkyl carboxylic acid present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, a (C6-C12)alkaryl carboxylic acid present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt/wt %, or combinations thereof; with the proviso that the composition does not include parabens or phenoxyethanol;
wherein the effective amount of the antimicrobial component in the composition is at least 0.25% by weight;
wherein water is present in less than 10 wt-%, and
wherein the fatty alcohol ester in the antimicrobial component is at least 70% pure.